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    Comparative performance of deep learning models and non-dermatologists in diagnosing psoriasis, dermatophytosis, and eczema
    (2026-12-01)
    Yodrabum, Nutcha
    ;
    Wongpraparut, Chanisada
    ;
    Titijaroonroj, Taravichet
    ;
    Chularojanamontri, Leena
    ;
    Bunyaratavej, Sumanas
    Accurately differentiating scaly erythematous rashes among psoriasis, eczema, and dermatophytosis remains a clinical challenge, particularly for non-dermatologists. This study aimed to develop and evaluate deep learning models using macroscopic clinical images to classify these conditions and compare their performance with that of non-specialists. A total of 2940 images were sourced from public datasets, the Siriraj Dermatology databank, and newly collected images from Thai participants. Among sixteen evaluated models, the Swin demonstrated the best performance and interpretability. Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) visualizations confirmed that the model focused on clinically relevant lesion features. Most importantly, in a pilot comparison, the Swin outperformed non-specialists in diagnostic accuracy. However, given the limited sample size of 30 images and 30 evaluators, these results should be interpreted as exploratory. Future studies with larger datasets and diverse clinician cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings and to support clinical integration.
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    SkinHRNet: A Deep Learning Framework for Non-Contact Heart Rate Estimation and Arterial–Venous Sufficiency Status Classification from Short Skin Videos
    (2026-01-01)
    Traivinidsreesuk, Chetsadaporn
    ;
    Yodrabum, Nutcha
    ;
    Winaikosol, Kengkart
    ;
    Chaikangwan, Irin
    ;
    Prompattanapakdee, Jiraya
    Traditional methods for monitoring flap health in reconstructive surgery are often invasive and rely on subjective assessment. This study addresses clinically motivated monitoring challenges by evaluating two tasks using a dataset of 1,018 short skin videos: average heart rate (HR) estimation under arterial–venous sufficiency conditions and arterial–venous sufficiency status classification across sufficiency and simulated insufficiency conditions. To address these challenges, we propose SkinHRNet, a deep learning–based approach for average HR estimation and arterial–venous sufficiency status classification from short skin videos. This work contributes a short-skin-video framework that combines HR-related signal estimation with arterial–venous sufficiency classification to support the two evaluated tasks under the controlled conditions considered in this study. For average HR estimation under arterial–venous sufficiency conditions, SkinHRNet achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 8.66 ± 4.85 BPM. For arterial–venous sufficiency status classification, it achieved an accuracy of 0.969 ± 0.02 across the evaluated sufficiency and simulated insufficiency conditions. These findings indicate that SkinHRNet may serve as an initial research prototype for further investigation of short-video-based non-contact assessment under controlled arterial–venous sufficiency and simulated insufficiency conditions.
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    Deep learning-based classification of lymphedema and other lower limb edema diseases using clinical images
    (2025-12-01)
    Lewsirirat, Thanat
    ;
    Titijaroonroj, Taravichet
    ;
    Apichonbancha, Sirin
    ;
    Uthatham, Ason
    ;
    Suwanruangsri, Veera
    Lymphedema is a chronic condition characterized by lymphatic fluid accumulation, primarily affecting the limbs. Its diagnosis is challenging due to symptom overlap with conditions like chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and systemic diseases, often leading to diagnostic delays that can extend up to ten years. These delays negatively impact patient outcomes and burden healthcare systems. Conventional diagnostic methods rely heavily on clinical expertise, which may fail to distinguish subtle variations between these conditions. This study investigates the application of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically deep learning, to improve diagnostic accuracy for lower limb edema. A dataset of 1622 clinical images was used to train sixteen convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer-based models, including EfficientNetV2, which achieved the highest accuracy of 78.6%. Grad-CAM analyses enhanced model interpretability, highlighting clinically relevant features such as swelling and hyperpigmentation. The AI system consistently outperformed human evaluators, whose diagnostic accuracy plateaued at 62.7%. The findings underscore the transformative potential of AI as a diagnostic tool, particularly in distinguishing conditions with overlapping clinical presentations. By integrating AI with clinical workflows, healthcare systems can reduce diagnostic delays, enhance accuracy, and alleviate the burden on medical professionals. While promising, the study acknowledges limitations, such as dataset diversity and the controlled evaluation environment, which necessitate further validation in real-world settings. This research highlights the potential of AI-driven diagnostics to revolutionize lymphedema care, bridging gaps in conventional methods and supporting healthcare professionals in delivering more precise and timely interventions. Future work should focus on external validation and hybrid systems integrating AI and clinical expertise for comprehensive diagnostic solutions.