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    Item type:Publication,
    A Wideband Antenna Integrated into a Military Fabric for X-Band Satellite Communication
    (2025-01-01)
    Chutchavong, Vanvisa
    ;
    Aroonmitr, Pongsathorn
    ;
    Rakluea, Paitoon
    ;
    Jangjing, Thinnawat
    ;
    Rakluea, Chawalit
    The study examines a wideband antenna solution that combines military fabric integration with X-band satellite functionality. The proposed antenna, with dimensions of 40×40×0.565 mm<sup>3</sup>, is constructed using gabardine fabric with a herringbone twill (HBT) pattern with physical parameters of 0.395 mm thickness, relative permittivity of 1.8848, and dielectric loss tangent measuring 0.02611. Testing in an anechoic chamber shows excellent agreement between simulated and measured results, with the antenna operating from 7.25 - 12.28 GHz, corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 50.89%, a measured peak gain of 6.49 dBi, while radiation patterns, return loss, and gain measurements validate its practical performance. Exploiting advancements in wearable electromagnetic systems and demonstrating seamless integration into military apparel, the proposed antenna establishes a robust solution viable for deployment in sophisticated defense communication infrastructures.
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    Assessment of Electromagnetic Field Exposure from Multiple Sources Simultaneously in the High-Frequency Range Based on Safety Standards
    (2025-01-01)
    Chutchavong, Vanvisa
    ;
    Aroonmitr, Pongsathorn
    This study presents a method for evaluating electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure from multiple sources operating simultaneously across a wide range of frequencies, based on the guidelines defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) in its 2020 publication. The proposed approach adopts the normalized exposure ratio, which combines the exposure values from all relevant sources and frequency bands. A key issue addressed in this study is the lack of standardized measurement methods for absorbed power density (S<inf>ab</inf>) in high-frequency bands above 10 GHz, despite the existence of defined exposure limits. A comparison reveals that the difference between the limits for S<inf>ab</inf> and incident power density (S<inf>inc</inf>) for the general public is relatively small when compared to the gap between the general public and occupational exposure limits. Therefore, the use of S<inf>inc</inf> is proposed as a temporary surrogate for S<inf>ab</inf> in frequency ranges where direct measurement is not yet feasible. This approach enables comprehensive exposure assessment from multiple sources under both near-field and far-field conditions. It also serves as a practical alternative while S<inf>ab</inf> measurement techniques for high-frequency applications such as 5G, WiGig, and next-generation wireless technologies are still under development.
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