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Access type: UnknownAuthor: search.filters.author.Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi

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    Enhancing clay properties with eggshell powder: A sustainable alternative for soil stabilization
    (2026-07-01)
    Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi
    ;
    Taib, Aizat Mohd
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    Jaya, Ramadhansyah Putra
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    Yuliana, Yuliana
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    Poultry waste is increasing rapidly in many countries as urbanization and industrialization rise and create environmental and economic issues. Eggshell waste deteriorates infrastructures but could effectively stabilize clay soil. This study investigates the performance of eggshell powder (ESP) as a stabilizing agent for clay soil, emphasizing its effects on the mechanical properties of clay and its suitability for construction. The methodology involved preparing soil and ESP samples, followed by standard Proctor compaction tests, direct shear tests, and microstructural analysis. Various percentages of eggshell powder (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9%) were added to the clay soil. The results revealed that the addition of ESP improved the plasticity, compaction behavior, and shear strength of soil. The results showed that the plasticity index decreased from 30.45% (untreated soil) to 21.78% at 6% ESP, and the liquid limit reduced from 65.28% to 57.80%, enhancing soil workability and reducing swelling. Additionally, soil cohesion increased substantially from 82.7 kN/m² (untreated soil) to 144.5 kN/m² at 9% ESP, while the internal friction angle improved from 18° to 25°, contributing to its overall strength and stability. The microstructural analysis confirmed these findings, showing a denser soil matrix and stronger inter-particle bonds. This study concludes that ESP is a promising alternative to traditional soil stabilizers, offering environmental benefits by utilizing waste material and reducing the need for cement and lime. The use of ESP in soil stabilization contributes to sustainable construction practices and presents a viable solution for improving the performance of clay soils in construction.
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    The influence of root-crack dynamics on soil water infiltration across seasonal variations
    (2025-12-01)
    Yuliana, Yuliana
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    Apriyono, Arwan
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    Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi
    ;
    Feng, Song
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    Soil infiltration plays a vital role in the hydrological cycle, impacting water absorption and availability for crops. Accurate infiltration measurements are crucial for improving water management in agricultural systems. This study observed the interaction of root growth and crack to the infiltration rate with influence of wetting drying conditions. Over an 18-month period, a double-ring infiltrometer test was applied to directly assess infiltration rates in both bare and vegetated zones. A minirhizotron camera was used to capture the root growth and decay defined as Root Area Ratio (RAR) and crack defines as crack intensity factor (CIF). The findings reveal that root growth peaked at 6.3 % during the first cycle but declined to 4.5 % in the second dry summer due to water stress and root decay. Vegetated zone also experienced lower CIF compared to bare zone. Infiltration rates increased significantly during dry periods, with the bare zone reaching a final rate of 1.63 × 10⁻⁶ m/s and vegetated zones showing up to an 8-fold increase in the second cycle. These findings underscore the critical role of root dynamics and soil cracking in regulating water infiltration. For agricultural systems, understanding these processes is essential for developing effective soil management and irrigation strategies that improve infiltration, enhance soil stability, and optimize crop productivity.
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    Effectiveness of elephant grass roots in improving soil shear strength for slope reinforcement
    (2025-09-01)
    Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi
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    Milasafarah, Syarifah
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    Sungkar, Munira
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    Gunawan, Hendra
    ;
    Jaya, Ramadhansyah Putra
    Slope instability and landslides remain major geotechnical concerns in tropical regions, where intense rainfall, high humidity, and extensive human activities such as deforestation and poor land management accelerate erosion and ground failure. As a sustainable alternative to conventional engineering solutions, vegetation-based methods have gained increasing attention, particularly for their ability to reinforce soil through root systems. This study investigates the potential of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) roots to enhance the shear strength of tropical soils for slope stabilization. Soil samples categorized as silty sand, clayey sand, and clay were collected and subjected to laboratory testing. Roots were added at varying proportions (0.1 %, 0.3 %, and 0.5 %) and lengths (2 cm and 3 cm), and samples were tested using direct shear tests to determine their mechanical behavior. Root tensile strength was also evaluated to assess its contribution to soil reinforcement. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the microstructural interactions between roots and soil particles. The results revealed significant improvements in cohesion and internal friction angles, with optimal reinforcement observed at 0.3 % root content and 3 cm root length, especially in clay (cohesion = 0.61 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, friction angle = 12.56°) and clayey sand (cohesion = 0.76 kg/cm<sup>2</sup>, friction angle = 13.29°). SEM analysis confirmed effective physical bonding and interlocking between roots and soil matrices. These findings show that elephant grass roots are an effective, eco-friendly solution for stabilizing landslide-prone soils, supporting bioengineering research and guiding future field validation and long-term performance studies.
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    A review of herbaceous vegetation effect on mechanical properties of soil for enhancing slope stability
    (2024-01-01)
    Yuliana, Yuliana
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
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    Munirwan, Reza Pahlevi
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    Gunawan, Hendra
    Slope instability is a critical issue that threatens infrastructure, human settlements, and the environment, with conventional stabilization methods often causing signiFficant environmental disruption and incurring high costs. This study aims to explore the potential of native Southeast Asian plants, especially lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides), elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), and alang-alang grass (Imperata cylindrica) to improve soil quality and prevent slope stability. The analysis focuses on their physical and mechanical properties to identify trends and advantages for slope reinforcement and sustainable ecological restoration in Southeast Asia. The Ffindings highlight that lemongrass and vetiver grass demonstrate promising improvements in slope stability parameters, including friction angle, cohesion, and shear strength, making them highly effective for erosion control. Lemongrass shows the most pronounced beneFfits, while vetiver grass also provides substantial stabilization. In contrast, elephant grass and alang-alang grass offer less improvement in these parameters. The study suggests that future research should explore the hydraulic behavior of these species to better understand their effects on water inFfiltration, runoff, and soil moisture dynamics, which are crucial for comprehensive slope stability analysis.