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Toward Interoperable SCADA: Node-RED-Based Edge Integration of Heterogeneous PLCs and IoT Devices
(2025-01-01)
Smerpitak, Krit
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Kaewchaiwong, Sattachai
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Julsereewong, Amphawan
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Pongswatd, Sawai
This article presents a novel approach to supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) design that emphasizes interoperability through edge integration, using Node-RED as an open-source programming platform deployed on an industrial edge computer. The proposed architecture integrates multiple-vendor programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and an Internet of Things (IoT) gateway at the edge layer to enable seamless interoperability across local control systems. A lab-scale case study demonstrates the feasibility of this integration, featuring four remote terminal units (RTUs) communicating concurrently with a SIMATIC IPC327G edge computer via standard protocols. Specifically, a SIMATIC S7-1200 (RTU-1), MELSEC iQ-F FX5U (RTU-2), and CompactLogix 1769-L30ER (RTU-3) control an object sorting station, a parcel sorting station, a water temperature control station, respectively, while a UG65 gateway (RTU-4) enables bidirectional data transfer between the edge computer and LoRaWAN devices. The inclusion of InfluxDB alongside Node-RED supports data logging and reporting functionalities. By distributing protocol translation, data processing, and shop-floor supervisory control to the edge layer, the architecture achieves real-time, vendor-neutral data orchestration while maintaining compatibility with a higher-level SCADA master terminal unit (MTU) or cloud system. Experimental results from both functional and performance testing confirm the system’s viability as a cost-effective, vendor-agnostic solution for modern industrial automation, offering a scalable model for multi-protocol industrial environments.
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DIAGNOSTIC DATA-BASED SAFETY AND AVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENTS FOR AN ALTERNATIVE OF FEEDFORWARD CONTROL USING FOUNDATION FIELDBUS
(2023-06-01)
Sittigon, Jirasak
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Suwanmanee, Ittimon
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Julsereewong, Amphawan
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Kummool, Sart
To enhance plant safety and production availability in case of transmitter failures for an alternative of Foundation Fieldbus (FF)-based feedforward control, this article proposes a practical technique for configuring control strategy using function block diagram concept. The proposed configuration technique is based on fault diagnostic data automatically accessed from FF transmitters to take actions for operating the studied FF-based control loop that utilizes a Bias/Gain (BG) function block to build feedforward summing function outside of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) function block. The minor 'Uncertain' problem can be treated as severe 'Bad' problem to increase the safety of the control loop. On the other hand, the 'Uncertain' status can be configured to be treated as 'Good' status to improve the availability of the control loop. Six options for configuring function blocks to operate the temperature control performed at the DeltaV host system are described as a case study to demonstrate the workability of the proposed technique. Experimental results of the alternate feedforward control loop configured with different parameter options confirm that the diagnostic data provided by the transmitters used are very useful for implementing either the interested control loop with increased safety or the interested control loop with increased availability. Therefore, the user can strike a balance between safety and availability for the FF-based feedforward control utilizing BG function block.
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Implementation of control and SCADA system: Case study of Allen Bradley PLC by using WirelessHART to temperature control and device diagnostic
(2022-04-01)
Thepmanee, Teerawat
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Pongswatd, Sawai
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Asadi, Farzin
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
System integration for process automation promoted the technologies that were accessed to functions and data of field device, controller, and SCADA system. In addition, the data from filed devices can apply to solve device diagnostic and preventive maintenance. This paper describes the practical technique to configure and implement of control and SCADA system that focus on integration of field device, PLC controller, and SCADA system. The paper presents case study of Allen-Bradley (AB) PLC by using WirelessHART device to temperature control and device diagnostic through SCADA system. PLC's input/output (I/O) modules are installed that consists of Modbus module, digital I/O module, analog I/O module. In addition, Prosoft configuration builder and Studio 5000 software are new software to build add on Modbus instruction and ladder diagrams, respectively. The experiments perform in case study of temperature control by using Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) function in the AB PLC. Wonderware InTouch SCADA software is implemented to monitor the process mimic, trend, and alarm. Moreover, the technique can support the operators and engineers to make decision for process control and devices diagnostic.
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Design of posicast pida controller using kitti's method
(2020-10-01)
Pannil, Pittaya
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Sungsorn, Teenapong
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
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Tirasesth, Kitti
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
This paper proposes a successful technique for designing a PIDA (proportional-integral-derivative-acceleration) controller in both continuous-time and discrete-time frameworks, which provides better transient response specifications in comparison with PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller for third-order plant. The proposed design technique consists of three major steps. First, the PIDA controller is designed by using Kitti's method based on root locus technique in the control loop. Second, the maximum percentage overshoot can be decreased to satisfy specification by applying the forward controller. Based on these two steps, all desired specifications can be achieved without trial and error method for tuning controller parameters. Lastly, the Posicast controller is simply designed because the controlled system can be approximated as a standard second-order system. The performances of the designed PIDA controller are confirmed through MATLAB simulation results.
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Investigation on electrochemical properties of sugarcane leaves-derived activated carbon by steam activation
(2020-01-01)
Ukkakimapan, Pundita
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Wanchaem, Thanthamrong
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Yordsri, Visittapong
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Sattayarut, Vichuda
Sugarcane leaves (SLs) are a bio-waste from sugar production industry. To explore the value-added SLs, the SLs were used raw materials of activated carbons (ACs) by steam activation and their electrochemial properties were investigated for supercapacitor applications. The synthesis of ACs from the SLs consisted of two steps; carbonization at 500ºC and steam activation. The synthesis condition was optimized by varying activation temperature (800 and 850ºC) The porous structures were thoroughly formed on the surface after steam activation and the surface areas were reached to 630 and 639 m2 g-1 at the activation temperature of 800 and 850ºC, respectively. The SLs-derived ACs activated at 800ºC assembled in coin cell using organic electrolyte showed the highest specific capacitance of approximately 16 F g-1 with a capacitance retention of 62% when the current density increased to 1.5 A g-1. Even though there is a room to improve the electrochemical properties such as optimization of porosity and removal of inorganic component, the SLs show a potential use as raw materials of ACs for supercapacitor applications.
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Closed-form formulas for continuous/discrete-time pidaj controller's parameters
(2019-07-01)
Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Tirasesth, Kitti
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
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Pannil, Pittaya
This paper focuses on establishing the closed-form formulas to design a proportional-integral-derivative-acceleration-jerk (PIDAJ) controller for fourth-order pla- nts. After plant modeling, the analog PIDAJ controller in continuous-time domain can be designed by utilizing the proposed formulas in a vector-matrix form. Based on bilinear transform, the digital PIDAJ controller in discrete-time domain can then be achieved. The use of the proposed formulas to determine the PIDAJ controller's parameters for controlling the air-fuel ratio of an engine is described as an application example to con- _rm their feasibility. MATLAB simulation results con_rm the consistency between step responses of the example system controlled by the designed controllers in continuous-time domain and discrete-time domain.
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Discrete-time posicast PID×(n − 2) stage PD cascade controllers for unstable system
(2018-08-01)
Pannil, Pittaya
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Pool-Em, Kittipat
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
This paper aims to present a discrete-time controller design for a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) control system connected with Posicast function to stabilize an unstable third-order or higher-order plant. The continuous-time controllers used in the 2-DOF control system, the proportional-integral-derivative (PID)×(n − 2) stage proportional-derivative (PD) cascade controllers and the forward controller, are designed by using the Kitti’s method. The Posicast function is used to eliminate an overshoot in step response. Based on the continuous-time controllers designed in the s-domain, the discrete-time controllers with closed-form expression in the z-domain are then calculated by using the bilinear transformation. The magnetic levitation system is employed as an illustrative case study of the unstable plant to be controlled. By comparing the discrete-time system with the continuous-time system, the effectiveness of the proposed discrete-time controller design is verified by MATLAB simulation results.
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Discrete-time PIDA controller designed by Tustin's method with and without frequency pre-warping
(2018-06-08)
Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Khwunthong, Mathee
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
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Pannil, Pittaya
This paper proposes the formula used for finding the continuous-time PIDA (Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Acceleration) controller's parameters based on pole placement technique. Also, provide the formulas for designing the discrete-time PIDA controllers for both of Tustin's method with and without frequency pre-warping. The designers can use the frequency pre-warping to get the better specification as desired. Moreover, as both of these discrete-time PIDA controllers, theirs transfer functions are proper. Then, they are easy to implement in real-time by the Observable Canonical Form of the difference equations.
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Design of discrete-time pida controller using kitti’s method with first-order hold discretization
(2018-06-01)
Pannil, Pittaya
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Sungsorn, Teenapong
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
This paper proposes a successful technique to design a discrete-time (DT) proportional-integral-derivative-acceleration (PIDA) controller for third-order plants. The proposed technique consists of three major steps: discretization of the controlled plant using the first-order hold (FOH) method, discretization of the continuous-time (CT) PIDA controller structure using the delayed first-order hold (DFOH) method to achieve the DT PIDA controller structure, and design of the target controller using the Kitti’s method. Simulation results confirm that the controller designed by utilizing the proposed technique provides equivalent performances compared to a conventional CT controller and a DT controller discretized by utilizing the Tustin’s method.
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Discrete-time PIDA controller designed by Kitti's method; A third generation
(2017-11-10)
Tongtanee, Anirut
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Pannil, Pittaya
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Ukakimaparn, Prapart
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Trisuwannawat, Thanit
This paper proposes the design of Discrete-Time PIDA (Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Acceleration) controller. Once, the satisfied PIDA controller in Continuous-Time system is obtained. Then, just discretises it by using trapezoidal approximation or bilinear transformation, the Discrete-Time PIDA controller is easily achieved as well. The root loci of the closed-loop systems are circular shapes in both s-Plane and z-Plane implied that increasing of the open loop gains, the faster and smaller in percent overshoot can be obtained. Comparing among three generations are shown that the third generation of Discrete-Time PIDA controller is the simplest way in design without the difficulty to place the zeros of the controller in z-Plane as in the second generation when the sampling time is too small.

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