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    Item type:Publication,
    Improvement of surface properties of metal doped-CeO2 nanospindle catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol
    (2023-06-01)
    Seeharaj, Panpailin
    ;
    Saenman, Thanita
    ;
    Phiwhom, Thanabat
    ;
    Muangsuwan, Chutanan
    ;
    Srinives, Sira
    To utilize carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>) which is the main greenhouse gas, this study developed effective metal doped-CeO<inf>2</inf> nanospindle catalysts for conversion of CO<inf>2</inf> and methanol into dimethyl carbonate (DMC). Ce<inf>0.9</inf>M<inf>0.1</inf>O<inf>2</inf> nanospindles (where M is a transition metal, i.e., Zr, Fe, Cu and Co) were prepared by a template-free hydrothermal method. The substitution of different valence and size cations, including Zr<sup>4+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Co<sup>2+</sup>, for Ce<sup>4+</sup> sites in the fluorite CeO<inf>2</inf> lattice induced the defect formation of surface-active sites of exposed Ce<sup>3+</sup> and oxygen vacancies through the charge compensation and redox pair reactions. Ce<inf>0.9</inf>Fe<inf>0.1</inf>O<inf>2</inf> solid solution with well-preserved spindle shaped morphology showed the highest catalytic performance by giving DMC yield at 3.56 mmol.g<inf>cat</inf><sup>−1</sup> with 100% DMC selectivity. The improvement of catalytic activity was attributed to the higher proportion of surface defect sites and variation of acid-base properties caused by the integration of Fe dopants into CeO<inf>2</inf> ionic system.