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Remodelling hierarchical NiCo2O4@ZnS nanorods with multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell applications
(2026-12-01)
Nukunudompanich, Methawee
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Nachaithong, Theeranuch
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Phumuen, Phatcharin
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Wannabut, Wassana
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Kunbuala, Neeraphat
A hierarchical NiCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@ZnS/MWCNT (NCO@Z-MWCNTs) nanocomposite was synthesized to serve as a platinum-free counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The nanocomposite comprised spinel NiCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanorods, ZnS associated with the surface of the nanorods, and an interconnected multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) network, and it was synthesized via a low-temperature solution-based hydrothermal method. XRD confirmed the presence of cubic NiCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> and zinc blende ZnS phases, while FESEM–EDS and XPS analyses verified the incorporation of ZnS and the formation of a conductive carbon framework interconnecting adjacent nanorods. ZnS, rather than acting as an isolated catalytic component, was considered to contribute additional sulfide-related surface sites and to modulate the interfacial electronic environment of the NiCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanorods, which likely facilitated redox reactions involving the I−/I<inf>3</inf>− couple. Meanwhile, the MWCNT network established continuous electron transport pathways, effectively reducing interfacial resistance and enhancing charge-transfer efficiency. Thermogravimetric and electrochemical analyses revealed enhanced thermal stability, improved redox kinetics, and a significant reduction in charge-transfer resistance compared with pristine NiCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>.The optimized NCO@Z–MWCNT 9wt% counter electrode achieved a power conversion efficiency of 10.03% under AM 1.5 G illumination, exceeding that of the Pt reference device (9.6%). Overall, the improved performance was attributed to the combined contributions of ZnS surface modification and the conductive MWCNT network, which together enhanced charge transport and electrocatalytic activity. This work demonstrates a scalable strategy for developing cost-effective, durable, and high-performance counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells.
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New hybrid high performance dye-sensitized solar cells using CoNi2Se4@SiO2 core-shell integrated with graphene quantum dots as counter electrodes
(2026-10-01)
Areerob, Yonrapach
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Nachaithong, Theeranuch
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Phumuen, Phatcharin
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Wannabut, Wassana
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Nijpanich, Supinya
A novel CoNi₂Se₄@SiO₂ core–shell nanostructure decorated with graphene quantum dots (CNS@Si–GQDs) was synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method and investigated as a Pt-free counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The optimized CNS@Si–GQDs electrode with 7 ppm GQD loading exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the I₃−/I− redox reaction, delivering a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.10%, slightly higher than that of the conventional Pt electrode (8.03%). The optimized device also achieved a high short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 18.67 mA cm−2, with a Voc of 0.75 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.57. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the CNS@Si–GQDs (7 ppm) electrode possessed the lowest charge-transfer resistance (Rct = 241.62 Ω cm2), significantly lower than those of the 3 ppm and 5 ppm electrodes, indicating enhanced interfacial electron-transfer kinetics and catalytic activity. Tafel polarization analysis further confirmed improved exchange current density and faster triiodide reduction kinetics after GQD incorporation. The enhanced electrochemical performance was attributed to the synergistic interaction between the conductive GQD network and the CNS@SiO₂ core–shell structure, which increased the electroactive surface area, promoted electron mobility, and provided abundant catalytic active sites. Additionally, the SiO₂ interfacial layer helped suppress charge recombination and stabilize the hierarchical nanostructure. This study demonstrates a scalable, low-cost, and efficient Pt-free strategy for next-generation DSSCs and provides insights into the design of advanced electrocatalysts for sustainable solar energy conversion.
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Efficeincy improvement of triphenylamine-based organic dyes in DSSCs, an effects of linker moiety
(2013-10-29)
Chittratan, P.
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Thanakit, P.
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Jarernboon, W.
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Phromyothin, D.
Triphenylamine-base organic dyes were designed and investigated for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dye molecules consist of three parts, an electron-donor connected by the π- conjugated linker (benzene and thiophene) as an electron spacer and an acceptor/anchoring (cyanoacrylic acid). In this study, quantum chemical calculations were used to study the electronic properties, optical properties and density of electron in the linker of dye molecule by using the density functional theory. The results present that thiophene is the most appropriate to use as electron linker between triphenylamine donor and acrylic acceptor due to the wide of absorption band and π-conjugate bond effect on exhibiting red-shifted absorption spectra. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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Performance improvement of zinc oxide photoanode-based dye-sensitized solar cells by multi-walled carbon nanotube
(2010-11-01)
Chindaduang, Anon
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Duangkaew, Pattasuda
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Pratontep, Sirapat
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Tumcharern, Gamoiwan
Unique electrical and surface-to-volume properties of carbon nanotubes have made these conductive molecules highly attractive in many applications. In this work, the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes into a zinc oxide active layer of dye-sensitized zinc oxide solar cell has been investigated. With this method, a significant improvement in the performance of the solar cell has been achieved. Compared to the typical zinc oxide photoelectrochemical cells, the photocurrent- voltage characteristics of the fabricated cell containing 0.05 percent by weight of carbon nanotubes in the metal oxide film displayed a higher short-circuit photocurrent, consequently caused an increase of the solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency by a factor of approximately 1.4. Further increase of the conductive carbon material resulted in a decrease of the energy conversion of the photovoltaic cell. The enhancement of the energy conversion at this optimum carbon nanotube loading may be attributed to the dye-adsorption ability and the electrochemical activity of the composite photoanodes. The fabricated photovoltaic cells with the highest efficiency exhibited the maximum dye adsorption intensity and the minimum charge transfer resistance, as measured by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively . Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers.
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Composite polymer electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells: Role of multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(2010-02-05)
Chindaduang, A.
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Duangkaew, P.
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Pratontep, S.
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Tumcharern, G.
We focus on the energy conversion improvement of dye-sensitized solar cells by using poly(ethylene oxide)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (PEO-MWCNT) electrolyte. Compared with the MWCNT-free solar cells, the addition of 0.05 wt.% MWCNTs in the polymer electrolyte results in a dramatic increase of the short-circuit current (J<inf>sc</inf>), consequently raising the device performance by approximately 9% under a direct light of the Air Mass 1.5 irradiation at 100 mW cm-2. The role of the conductive carbon materials in the polymer electrolyte have been investigated by means of ionic conductometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. This work demonstrates that MWCNT additives in polymer electrolytes is a convenient yet effective strategy for improving the performance of photovoltaic devices. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications.

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