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    Dyeing properties of Bombyx mori silks grafted by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)
    (2010-10-01)
    Prachayawarakorn, J.
    ;
    Khanchaiyapoom, K.
    Graft copolymerization technique was selected to improve properties of Bombyx mori silks. The silks were degummed and grafted by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), resulting in different graft yields of the degummed silks. It was found that thermal decomposition temperature and wear strength of the silks grafted by HEMA were clearly improved. In addition, dyeing properties of the degummed and HEMA-grafted silks were investigated by using different natural dyes, i. e. coconut shell (Cocos nucifera), pandanus (Pandanus odorus) and Siamese cassia (Cassia siamea) and also synthetic dyestuff, i. e. acid dye. When dyeability and colorfastness properties were investigated, it was observed that higher graft yield of the HEMA-grafted silks exhibited greater dye uptake for all of the applied dyes. Besides, fastness properties to washing, perspiration, light and rubbing of the degummed and HEMA-grafted silks were examined. © 2010 The Korean Fiber Society and Springer Netherlands.
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    Physical, chemical, and dyeing properties of Bombyx mori silks grafted by 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate
    (2007-11-05)
    Prachayawarakorn, J.
    ;
    Boonsawat, K.
    To obtain silk weight gain and to improve silk properties, Bombyx mori silks were grafted with either 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) or methyl methacrylate (MMA). The moisture regain of the HEMA-grafted and MMA-grafted silks depended on the hydrophilicity of the used monomers. The acid and alkaline resistances of the HEMA-grafted and MMA-grafted silks were clearly improved. Both commercial synthetic dyes, that is, acid and reactive dyes, and a natural dye extracted from turmeric, with potassium aluminum sulfate as a mordant, were used in this study. The results suggested that the dye uptake increased in the presence of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or poly(methyl methacrylate) in the silk fibroin structures when acid and curcumin dyes were used. The washfastness level of the HEMA-grafted silk dyed by acid and reactive dyes was similar to that of the degummed silk. However, the colorfastness to washing of the MMA-grafted silk dyed by an acid dye was improved when the polymer add-on concentration was 65%. In addition, the washfastness for both grafted silks was improved when they were dyed with natural curcumin dyestuff. The acid and alkaline perspiration fastness properties remained unchanged for the HEMA-grafted and MMA-grafted silks when acid, reactive, and curcumin dyes were applied. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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    Dyeing properties of bombyx mori silks grafted with methyl methacrylate and methacrylamide
    (2006-04-15)
    Prachayawarakorn, Jutarat
    ;
    Kryratsamee, Watthana
    To improve their dyeing and colorfastness properties, degummed Bombyx mori silks were chemically modified by a grafting technique with either methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer or methacrylamide (MAA) monomer. Both commercial synthetic dyes, that is, acid and basic dyes, and natural dyes extracted from turmeric, without and with potassium aluminum sulfate mordant, were used in this study. Percentage dye uptake increased with the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate) or polymethacrylamide in the silk fibroin structure regardless of the types of the dyestuffs. Furthermore, compared to the degummed silk, the colorfastness to washing of the MMA-grafted and MAA-grafted silks dyed with acid, basic, and curcumin dyestuffs were greatly improved. Colorfastness to both acid and basic perspirations with acid and basic dyestuffs was slightly improved, whereas perspiration fastness remained unchanged for curcumin dyeing without and with the presence of the mordant. Also, the low-light resistances of the degummed and grafted silks dyed by curcumin dyestuff were notably improved by the MMA and MAA grafting technique. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.