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Access type: UnknownSubject: search.filters.subject.High-Order Accuracy

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    A One-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Oil Spill Control in a Coastal Bay Using a Fourth-Order Explicit Finite Difference Method
    (2025-01-01)
    Kasamwan, Teerat
    ;
    Pochai, Nopparat
    Oil spills in the sea have both short-term and long-term consequences that need proper management and restoration. The damage can take years or even decades to recover fully. Methods like absorbents, dispersants, bioremediation, mechanical recovery, and in-situ burning are used to mitigate the impacts of oil spills. Each method has its limitations and should be chosen carefully based on the severity of the spill to minimize environmental damage and restore marine ecosystems effectively. This research considers a one-dimensional mathematical model for an oil spill in a coastal bay, incorporating delayed removal mechanisms. The governing equation for an oil spill in this coastal bay context with delayed removal is introduced, alongside the initial condition and boundary conditions associated with oil spill scenarios. A mathematical model is proposed to simulate delayed removal mechanisms. The model solutions are approximated using a fourth-order forward time-centered space finite difference method. The simulations explore two scenarios: instant and delayed removal mechanisms. In the instant removal scenarios, simple average rates of oil removal and basic water flow behaviors are modeled, while the delayed removal scenarios simulate more realistic oil spill conditions. Consequently, the concentration of oil relative to source rate over time is analyzed. The simulations reveal that as the efficiency of the removal mechanism improves, the oil concentration decreases over time. Physically, this reflects that effective management of oil removal leads to a progressive reduction in oil concentration as time advances. According to the research, oil spill concentration is reduced when oil removal mechanisms are more effective. By contrasting a second forward time center space technique and a fourth-order forward time center space technique, it shows the significance of selecting the most effective method for a given simulation circumstance. The simulation results indicate that the concentration associated with the delayed removal mechanism yields less favorable recovery outcomes compared to the prompt removal mechanism across all scenarios. This observation is consistent with the fundamental principle that effective oil spill management should result in a reduction in oil concentration within marine environments. The findings of this study underscore that, in all cases, postponed oil removal exacerbates the detrimental impact on seawater recovery relative to expeditious removal. Consequently, the prompt and efficient removal of oil spills is imperative in mitigating the extent of oil contamination in marine waters.