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Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Pineapple Leaf Fiber-Based Vegan Leather for Environmental Sustainability
(2026-01-20)
Srisang, Siriwan
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Kunyuan, Jumpon
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Hutangkoon, Thunyanat
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Eiangmee, Orranat
;
Maikaew, Jatuphat
The environmental impact of synthetic leather production has raised global concerns due to its reliance on petroleum-based polymers and poor biodegradability. Therefore, the development of sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives using renewable resources has become increasingly important. A biodegradable vegan leather was developed from natural rubber and pineapple leaf fibers (PALF), with properties analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The effects of fiber content (X1), compression time (X2), and compression temperature (X3) were studied on biodegradation (Y1), water absorption (Y2), and tensile strength (Y3). Results showed that all three factors significantly influenced Y1, with the predictive model demonstrating high reliability (R > 90%). The optimum condition for Y1 was X1 = 3.0 g, X2 = 70.0 min, and X3 = 110.0 C, yielding a maximum predicted biodegradation of about 21%. In contrast, the models for Y2 and Y3 were statistically unreliable (P > 0.05) due to low RÂ² values. However, Y2 passed the lack-of-fit test, suggesting an adequate model form, while Y3 failed (P < 0.05), indicating an inadequate prediction model. These findings suggest future experiments should narrow factor ranges and include additional control variables to improve the predictability of Y2 and Y3. Despite these limitations, the study highlights a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic leather, aligning with circular economy principles and supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Importantly, the process is resource-efficient: from 1 kg of pineapple leaves, only 20 g of fibers is obtained, and just 75 g of PALF was used in 15 experimental runs. This minimal material requirement underscores the potential of the approach for sustainable production, while highlighting potential applications in sustainable fashion, packaging, and eco-friendly product design.
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A Review of the Parameters Related to the Rubber Sheets Production: Major Constituents of Rubber Latex, Rubber Particles, Particle Interaction of Rubber Latex, Rubber Porous Structure, Rubber Drying Kinetics and Energy Consumption
(2023-01-01)
Eakvanich, Visit
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Kalasee, Wachara
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Dangwilailux, Panya
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Wattana, Wassachol
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Taweekun, Juntakan
Natural rubber (NR) is obtained principally from Para-rubber trees of the species Hevea brasiliensis which grow in tropical regions. Using ultra-centrifugation method, fresh latex (FL) from Para-rubber trees can be mainly divided into four fractions; an upper white layer consists of rubber particles, Frey-Wyssling particles in a yellow or an orange layer, C-serum phase and lutiods particles in the bottom fraction [1-3]. The averages of rubber particles have diameters of 0.02 to 3.0 micron, and they are protected by a complex film containing lipids and proteins [4-8]. The main forces of attraction between neighboring rubber particles in latex system can be divided into five force types; Structural Forces (SF), Van der Waals Interaction (VWI), Electrostatic Force (EF), Exclusion Interaction (EI) and Polymer-Polymer Interaction (PPI) [9]. The porous model of rubber structure used to describe moisture transfer was based on the existence of two different regions referred to as non-hygroscopic region and hygroscopic region. The rubber products drying always produced a considerable shrinkage effect which considered in the physical of the product, such as the diffusion coefficient, mass and heat transfer. An initial moisture content of raw material, the experimental temperature and the drying equipment had affect to the EMC isotherms and the drying kinetics. Finally, discussions on the implications of the results for strategies to reduce the energy consumption in RSS and STR20 block rubber are also presented.
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High accuracy rapid prediction and feasibility of on-site nondestructive estimation of Para rubber quality by spectroscopic methods
(2013-04-01)
Inagaki, Tetsuya
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Sirisomboon, Panmanas
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Liu, Chang
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Thanapase, Warunee
;
Tsuchikawa, Satoru
The aim of this study was to investigate convenient spectroscopic evaluation method of Para rubber quality. Ultra violet-near infrared (UV-NIR 370-1085 nm) spectra of latex were measured in transmittance mode. Calibrations for total solid content (TSC) and dry rubber content (DRC) were developed using spectral data set with aid of partial least square regression analysis using 57 samples. UV-NIR spectra of latex provided good regression models between measured and predicted values of TSC and DRC with determination coefficient for cross-validation of 0. 96 and 0. 97, respectively. The ranks were 2 and 1, respectively. This study suggests high accuracy in-line quality control of latex using UV-NIR spectroscopy. The long wavelength NIR spectra of bark were scanned to check the feasibility of on-site evaluation of latex quality by measuring the NIR spectra of standing tree. From the observation of near infrared spectra, it was shown that there was more latex signal in outer part of wood bark than in inner part of wood bark. This result suggests that the focal point should be on the outer part of bark to get the signal of latex when we measure the spectra of standing tree. © 2012 The Japan Wood Research Society.
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