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    Distributed Temperature Sensing and Real Time Thermal Rating for Underground Power Cable Monitoring
    (2025-01-01)
    Tangtheerajaroonwong, Wiroj
    ;
    Tanapornchinpong, Phiphat
    ;
    Kiatjaroonlert, Boonsak
    ;
    Khan-Ngern, Werachet
    ;
    Sangracha, Chanintorn
    This paper presents the distributed temperature sensing (DTS) technology and its application mainly on underground power cables. The main measuring principle is detecting the back-scattering light via Raman scattering that varies and depends on temperature at each point of optical fiber. In this paper, the authors present the monitoring results that the load current is applied for 50% of the rated current of the 69 kV and 115 kV transmission cables, and the DTS detects temperature increasing 0.5°C from the ambient temperature. This paper also shows real time thermal rating for calculations of conductor temperature.
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    Effect of nano particle sizes on high pressure raman scattering in nanocrystalline cerium dioxide
    (2011-12-20)
    Jimlim, P.
    ;
    Bovornratanaraks, T.
    ;
    Chaimayo, W.
    ;
    Pratontep, S.
    Nanocrystalline CeO<inf>2</inf> with different particle sizes has been studied under high pressure using Raman spectroscopy techniques and diamond anvil cell at room temperature. The pressure shift of the first-order Raman frequency for each particle sizes was measured. Linear dependence of the first order Raman frequency on pressure for each particle sizes has been observed. We found that the first order Raman frequency decreases with the decreasing particle sizes under ambient condition and the lattice constant increases with the decreasing particle size. The increasing molar fraction of oxygen vacancies with the decreasing particle size is responsible for the lattice expansion.
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    Thermal dissipation effects of the entangled photon generated by four-wave mixing process in a nonlinear ring resonator
    (2011-03-01)
    Sripakdee, Chatchawal
    ;
    Yupapin, Preecha P.
    We firstly analyze the thermal dissipation effects of the entangled photons generated by a nonlinear optical ring resonator. To obtain the corresponding equation of motion of the entangled photons generated by a four-wave mixing process within the system, we propose the Markov approximation to repel the reservoir operators. The system master equation in the interaction picture for both degenerate and non-degenerate cases is analyzed and obtained. The established system can be used to characterize the optimum entangled photons in some cases where the thermal dissipation effects may be introduced noise into the system. In this work, the entangled photons can be generated into two forms, firstly, the two entangled photon states is generated, the other, the four entangled photon states can be easily obtained. Results obtained have shown that the optimum entangled photon in term of entangled photon visibility can be compensated (i.e. unchanged) under thermal dissipation effects. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH All rights reserved.