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    Seasonal Infective Dynamics and Risk Factors Associated with Prevalence of Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Parasites from Meat Goats in Southern Thailand
    (2025-07-01)
    Sontigun, Narin
    ;
    Sansamur, Chalutwan
    ;
    Klong-Klaew, Tunwadee
    ;
    Kaewthamasorn, Morakot
    ;
    Fungwithaya, Punpichaya
    Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites not only significantly impact goat health and productivity but can also affect human health due to the zoonotic potential of some species. This study investigates the prevalence of internal parasites within the tropical monsoon ecosystem of southern Thailand, focusing on both phenotypic and molecular characteristics of the parasites and identifying associated risk factors in caprine farming systems. A total of 276 meat goats from Nakhon Si Thammarat province were examined, indicating an overall GI parasite prevalence of 88.8% (245/276), with strongyles and Eimeria spp. identified as the dominant parasites. In addition, mixed parasitic infections were observed in 72.2% of cases, whereas single infections comprised 27.8%. Strongyle-positive fecal samples were cultured and genetically sequenced, revealing the presence of Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, and Oesophagostomum asperum. For associated risk factors, gender and grazing with other herds significantly impacted overall GI parasitic infections, while the gender, breed, and packed cell volume (PCV) affected the strongyle infection. A correlation analysis revealed a substantial relationship between strongyle egg per gram (EPG) counts and clinical parameters, indicating that monitoring animals with low body condition scores (BCS) and high Faffa Malan Chart (FAMACHA) scores could be an effective strategy for controlling strongyle infections. These findings highlight the importance of continued research and effective farm management practices to address strongyle infections in meat goats, improving their health and agricultural productivity in tropical regions. Moreover, the detection of four zoonotic parasites (Giardia spp., H. contortus, T. colubriformis, and Fasciola spp.) indicates the necessity for the routine surveillance and monitoring of zoonotic parasites in goats to mitigate potential human health risks.
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    Impact of Climate Change on Livestock Production and Its Adaptation in Nepal
    (2025-01-01)
    Sedai, Dilli Ram
    ;
    Gyawali, Saroj
    ;
    Dangal, Megh Raj
    ;
    Yuangyai, Chumpol
    ;
    Lim, Noor Hashimah Hashim
    Climate change directly affects livestock by increasing the temperature, which leads to increased infertility, loss of conception, poor expression of heat, repeat breeding, and sterility. This results in loss of weight gain, lower feed conversion ratio, increased transmission of vector-borne diseases, incidence and distribution of external parasites, and diseases susceptible to livestock systems. Livestock can be distressed by altering external factors. A study was conducted using a review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Environmental management is documented as a significant instrument for the review protocol. A systematic search process on the impact of climate change adaptation measures on livestock production includes enclosure and elimination criteria for suitability valuation. It is presented through quality assessment, data achievement, concepts, and investigations. Relevant literature was retrieved using Scopus, Google Scholar databases, and Web of Science. The effects of climate change on Nepalese livestock producers include reducing heat stress, risk management, adopting technology development by farmers, animal management, breeding management, feed and feeding management, and manure management for adaptation. These strategies should be applicable at the nationwide and local levels as development approaches. These conclusions and variations are relevant for improving farmers’ economies and ensuring food security in the least developed and developing countries with livestock producers.