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Author: search.filters.author.Amornkitbamrung, VittayaSubject: search.filters.subject.Nanoparticles

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    Electrochemical mechanisms of activated carbon, α-MnO2 and composited activated carbon-α-MnO2 films in supercapacitor applications
    (2021-12-30)
    Tagsin, Patin
    ;
    Suksangrat, Pitphichaya
    ;
    Klangtakai, Pawinee
    ;
    Srepusharawoot, Pornjuk
    ;
    Ruttanapun, Chesta
    Pure α-MnO<inf>2</inf> and activated carbon-MnO<inf>2</inf> (AC-MnO<inf>2</inf>) films coated on Ni foam by electrophoretic deposition were applied as a supercapacitor electrode. The specific capacitance of AC-MnO<inf>2</inf> films (155.03 F g<sup>−1</sup>) surpasses those of the pure AC (110.62 F g<sup>−1</sup>) and pure MnO<inf>2</inf> film in the 1 M NaOH electrolyte. EDX and XPS detect an increase in the Na content and the reduction of Mn<sup>4+</sup> to Mn<sup>3+</sup> on the discharged MnO<inf>2</inf> electrode (at 0.0 V), whereas a decrease in the Na content and the oxidation of Mn<sup>3+</sup> to Mn<sup>4+</sup> were obtained on the charged MnO<inf>2</inf> electrode (at 0.45 V). Computational simulation of the Na inserted α-MnO<inf>2</inf> structure displays the connection of Na to O atoms and the increasing electron density on Mn atoms. EDX of the charged AC-MnO<inf>2</inf> (at −1.0 V) film detects a rise in the Na and a fall in the O contents, but the discharged AC-MnO<inf>2</inf> film (at 0.0 V) shows a decrease in Na and increase in O contents. The AC-MnO<inf>2</inf> film could retain 82.29% of the initial specific capacity after 10,000 cycles. Four series-supercapacitor coin cell assembled from the AC-MnO<inf>2</inf> anode and MnO<inf>2</inf> cathode delivers a power density of 2.79 kW kg<sup>−1</sup> and an energy density of 168.8 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>.
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    Chemically deposited polypyrrole-nanoparticle counter electrode for inorganic I -/I 3 - and organic T -/T 2 dye-sensitized solar cells
    (2012-12-01)
    Towannang, Madsakorn
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    Pimanpang, Samuk
    ;
    Thiangkaew, Anongnad
    ;
    Rutphonsan, Phikun
    ;
    Maiaugree, Wasan
    Pure polypyrrole (PPy) and composited PPy-nanoparticles (multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), nickel (Ni) or, titanium dioxide (TiO <inf>2</inf>)) films were coated on conductive glass by a chemical deposition method. They were used as dye-sensitized solar cell counter electrodes. The performance of pure PPy based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was ∼6.00% and ∼2.81% for I <sup>-</sup>/I <inf>3</inf> <sup>-</sup> and T <sup>-</sup>/T <inf>2</inf> electrolytes, respectively. The efficiencies increased after MWCNTs and Ni nanoparticle incorporation for both electrolytes, but decreased with TiO <inf>2</inf> addition. PPy-MWCNTs DSSCs delivered the highest efficiency; ∼7.20% and ∼3.19% for I <sup>-</sup>/I <inf>3</inf> <sup>-</sup> and T <sup>-</sup>/T <inf>2</inf> electrolytes, respectively. The improvement of the energy conversion efficiency after MWCNTs and Ni incorporation is attributed to an increase in the electrode surface area and/or a reduction of charge-transfer resistance at the electrolyte/counter electrode interface. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.