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Author: search.filters.author.Ayala, Alma Leticia Martinez

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    Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) cultivars as nutritional supplementation to rat's diets
    (2008-02-01)
    Leontowicz, Hanna
    ;
    Leontowicz, Maria
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    Haruenkit, Ratiporn
    ;
    Poovarodom, Sumitra
    ;
    Jastrzebski, Zenon
    The properties of Mon Thong, Chani and Kan Yao durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) cultivars were compared in vitro and in vivo studies in order to find the best one as a supplement to antiatherosclerotic diet. Total polyphenols (361.4 ± 35.3 mgGAE/100 g FW), flavonoids (93.9 ± 8.9 mgCE/100 g FW) and total antioxidant capacity determined by DPPH and β-carotene-linoleic acid assays (261.3 ± 25.3 μMTE/100 g FW and 77.8 ± 7.8% of inhibition) were maximal in Mon Thong in comparison with Chani and Kan Yao and showed a good correlation between these three variables (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9859). Five groups of rats were fed diets supplemented with cholesterol and different durian cultivars. Diets supplemented with Mon Thong and to a lesser degree with Chani and Kan Yao significantly hindered the rise in the plasma lipids (TC - 8.7%, 16.1% and 10.3% and (b) LDL-C - 20.1%, 31.3% and 23.5% for the Chol/Kan Yao, Chol/Mon Thong and Chol/Chani, respectively) and the decrease in plasma antioxidant activity (P < 0.05). Nitrogen retention remained significantly higher in Chol/Mon Thong than in other diet groups. Diet supplemented with Mon Thong affected the composition of plasma fibrinogen in rats and showed more intensity in protein bands around 47 kDa. No lesions were found in the examined tissue of heart and brains. Mon Thong cultivar is preferable for the supplementation of the diet as positively influenced the lipid, antioxidant, protein and metabolic status. The durian fruit till now was not investigated extensively, therefore based on the results of this study durian cultivars can be used as a relatively new source of antioxidants. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Relationship between dicotyledone-amaranth, quinoa, fagopyrum, soybean and monocots- sorghum and rice based on protein analyses and their use as substitution of each other
    (2005-07-01)
    Gorinstein, Shela
    ;
    Drzewiecki, Jerzy
    ;
    Delgado-Licon, Efren
    ;
    Pawelzik, Elke
    ;
    Ayala, Alma Leticia Martinez
    Comparative protein studies of cereals and pseudocereals are important, especially in cases of cereal protein allergy when pseudocereal substitution is unavoidable. Therefore, ten species and cultivars belonging to different Angiosperms families (Oryza sativa normal Poaceae, bran Poaceae and Jasmin Hom Dokmali Poaceae, Sorghum technicum Battand et Traubt Poaceae, Glycine max L. Merr. Fabaceae, Fagopyrum esculentum Mnch. Polygonaceae, Chenopodium quinoa Wild Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthus hybridum v.1004 Amaranthaceae, cruentus v. R104 Amaranthaceae and hypochondriacus v.1023 Amaranthaceae) were examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS-PAGE) seed protein markers, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurements. A high degree of polymorphism of all species and cultivars was found. Amaranth species have very similar seed protein electrophoretic profiles. According to UPGMA algorithm the examined species and varieties could be clustered into two similarity groups. Soybean, quinoa, buckwheat and Amaranth (as a genus) can be considered as phylogenic distant taxa. The fluorescence properties of amaranth, soybean, quinoa, rice and buckwheat soluble protein fractions were measured by fluorescence of tryptophan at 295 nm, light intensity, peak response and shift in the maximum of emission. Relative structural stabilities of native proteins were estimated by CD and FTIR. Similarities were found between these plants, which could make them a substitution of each other as well as for cereals. © Springer-Verlag 2005.