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In-cylinder combustion and emission characteristics of a 3L compression ignition engine using pure biodiesel fuel blended with 5% ethanol
(2026-04-01)
Suteerapongpun, Teerapat
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Huynh, Trung An
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Aung, Sonekhar Jarring
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Thin, Myat Hsu
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
This study investigates the combustion performance, efficiency, and emission characteristics of four fuel blends—B7 (7% biodiesel), B100 (pure biodiesel), B100E5 (95% biodiesel + 5% ethanol), and B100E10 (90% biodiesel + 10% ethanol)—in a light-duty diesel engine. Experiments were conducted on an engine dynamometer under varying loads (84, 112, and 140 Nm) and speeds (1600, 1800, and 2000 rpm) to assess in-cylinder pressure, temperature, engine efficiencies, and emissions. The results demonstrate that the oxygenated B100Es blend achieves superior combustion performance, exhibiting higher peak in-cylinder pressures and temperatures than conventional B7, attributable to enhanced oxygen availability, which promotes more complete fuel oxidation. This translates to an improvement in indicated thermal efficiency despite its lower calorific value relative to B7. B100 demonstrates distinct advantages in mechanical efficiency at higher engine speeds, attributed to its superior lubricity. The study provides quantitative evidence that a strategic blend of biodiesel with ethanol can effectively balance the often-competing objectives of combustion efficiency and emission reduction in modern diesel engines. The average brake thermal efficiencies of B7, B100, B100E5, and B100E10 are approximately 35.8, 36.4, 37.7, and 37.2%, respectively. Additionally, the average smoke intensities of B7, B100, B100E5, and B100E10 are approximately 0.211, 0.075, 0.042, and 0.038%/kW, respectively.
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The impact of a metallic partial-flow particulate filter on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics using palm oil biodiesel blends
(2024-02-01)
Thin, Myat Hsu
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Liu, Hai
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
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Wai, Phyo
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Oh, Ban Seok
Reducing particulate emissions from diesel engines pose a significant challenge in developing countries due to increasingly stringent regulations for both new and older vehicles. While employing wall-flow filters have proven effective for new vehicles, older vehicles necessitate alternative approaches to particulate filtration without complex modifications. Partial flow filters exhibit advantages in such scenarios, characterized by their lack of external components, simplified design, minimal maintenance demands, and resilience to misfuelling. The present study mainly focuses on the evaluation of a partial flow diesel particulate filter (P-DPF) installed on a diesel direct injection compression ignition engine, operating on commercial biodiesel blends, specifically B10 and B20. According to the combustion analyses, the combustion pressure, temperature, and the heat release rate increased with the kinetic energy inside the residual gas molecules due to installation of the P-DPF system. This also resulted in higher indicated power as well as indicated thermal efficiency. However, brake-specific fuel consumption and brake-specific energy consumption, exhibited only a marginal increase, while brake thermal efficiency experienced a slight decrease of 0.65% in the case of B10 and 0.74% for B20 after the installation of the P-DPF system due to the friction loss by the filter backpressure. Furthermore, an incremental increase in exhaust backpressure was observed, ranging from 0.2 kPa at 1000 rpm and 56 Nm to 2.25 kPa at 2000 rpm and 140 Nm. An analysis of emissions limits showed a notable 65% reduction in soot emissions. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the impact of P-DPF installation on a diesel engine without any manual changes. Ultimately, the partial flow filter (P-DPF) emerges as an effective initial measure in mitigating particulate matter emissions, particularly when employed in a retrofit exhaust after-treatment system.
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Experimental investigation of the influence of ethanol and biodiesel on common rail direct injection diesel Engine's combustion and emission characteristics
(2022-11-01)
Wai, Phyo
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Kanokkhanarat, Phobkrit
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Wongpattharaworakul, Veerayut
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Depaiwa, Nattawoot
This study aims to characterize the effect of oxygenated biofuels in diesel engine combustion, thermal efficiency, and emission by blending different percentages of ethanol and biodiesel with fossil fuel derived diesel. In this research, 5% and 10% by weight of bioethanol were added to commercial B10 (10% biodiesel and 90% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) and B100 (100% biodiesel) and experimented on using a 3 L four-cylinder common rail diesel engine. The experiment was performed under three engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 2000 rpm with three constant engine torques of 56 Nm, 84 Nm, and 140 Nm. The results show that ethanol-biodiesel-diesel ternary blended fuels are higher in premixed combustion pressure and net heat release rate (NHRR) peaks. The cumulative heat release of ethanol blended fuels is also higher for ethanol blended fuels. The fuel consumption increased with the ethanol and biodiesel percentage in the blended fuels due to the lower heating value while the brake thermal efficiency did not decrease. It was clearly observed that the particle emission could be reduced by more than 50% when ethanol and biodiesel percentage increased.
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Characterization of Biodiesel Particle Emission in Trapping and Regeneration Processes on Cordierite Diesel Particulate Filter
(2015-11-17)
Siricholathum, Komkla
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Karin, Preechar
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Hanamura, Katsunori
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Chollacoop, Nuwong
As well-known, the diesel engine has the highest thermal efficiency at the same load as compared with internal combustion engine but its disadvantage is particulate matter (PM) emitted to the atmosphere. The studies of this paper were divided into two parts. The first part studied the quantity of PM from the both diesel and biodiesel fuels at 80% load (2400 rpm) by the trapping process on diesel particulate filter (DPF) used in a partial flow dilution tunnel. The second part studied the regeneration process of PM under the flow rate of oxygen and nitrogen gas of 13.5 L/min with 10%, 15%, and 21% of oxygen gas. The result showed that amount of PM from biodiesel fuel was lower around two times than PM from diesel fuel. The duration in regeneration process of biodiesel's PM was shorter than diesel while increasing of oxygen percentage can reduce regeneration time.
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Side effect of production of biodiesel from jatropha seed oil: A case study in Thailand
(2014-01-01)
Rodjanakid, Kanokon
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
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Srinorakutara, Teerapatr
The objective of this research is to produce biodiesel from the jatropha seed oil and compare its lubricating properties to other types of fuel used in a compression ignition engine. The optimum mixture is also investigated. The produced biodiesel is tested to determine its identity and purity. The result showed that its purity is 98.38%, which is higher than 96.5% as specified by the standard of Department of Energy Business. The resulting biodiesel is tested in a compression ignition engine, including as an additive to stabilize the ethanol in diesel oil. The four types of fuel blends are; diesohol with a proportion of diesel: ethanol: biodiesel D95E5B5 by volume, pure biodiesel from jatropha seed oil, biodiesel with low proportion D95B5, and a standard diesel oil. The test results of physical properties of the four types of fuel show that all meets the standard of high speed diesel oil, except the flash point property of the diesohol. To compare the lubricating properties, each type of the fuel has been tested with the High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) according the CEC-F-06-A-96 standard. The results showed that the pure biodiesel from jatropha seed oil, biodiesel D95B5 and diesohol D95E5B5 have the wear scar 169 μm, 204 μm, and 205 μm respectively. The wear scar of each type of the studied fuels is below the allowable standard wear scar 460μm.

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