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Author: search.filters.author.Chatrattanawet, NarissaraSubject: search.filters.subject.Reforming

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    Optimization of hydrogen production from three reforming approaches of glycerol via using supercritical water with in situ CO2 separation
    (2019-01-22)
    Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
    ;
    Chatrattanawet, Narissara
    ;
    Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
    ;
    Assabumrungrat, Suttichai
    A pathway for hydrogen production from supercritical water reforming of glycerol integrated with in situ CO<inf>2</inf> removal was proposed and analyzed. The thermodynamic analysis carried out by the minimizing Gibbs free energy method of three glycerol reforming processes for hydrogen production was investigated in terms of equilibrium compositions and energy consumption using AspenPlus™ simulator. The effect of operating condition, i.e., temperature, pressure, steam to glycerol (S/G) ratio, calcium oxide to glycerol (CaO/G) ratio, air to glycerol (A/G) ratio, and nickel oxide to glycerol (NiO/G) ratio on the hydrogen production was investigated. The optimum operating conditions under maximum H<inf>2</inf> production were predicted at 450 °C (only steam reforming), 400 °C (for autothermal reforming and chemical looping reforming), 240 atm, S/G ratio of 40, CaO/G ratio of 2.5, A/G ratio of 1 (for autothermal reforming), and NiO/G ratio of 1 (for chemical looping reforming). Compared to three reforming processes, the steam reforming obtained the highest hydrogen purity and yield. Moreover, it was found that only autothermal reforming and chemical looping reforming were possible to operate under the thermal self-sufficient condition, which the hydrogen purity of chemical looping reforming (92.14%) was higher than that of autothermal reforming (52.98%). Under both the maximum H<inf>2</inf> production and thermal self-sufficient conditions, the amount of CO was found below 50 ppm for all reforming processes.
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    Performance and environmental study of a biogas-fuelled solid oxide fuel cell with different reforming approaches
    (2018-03-01)
    Chatrattanawet, Narissara
    ;
    Saebea, Dang
    ;
    Authayanun, Suthida
    ;
    Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
    ;
    Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
    In this work, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) using biogas as the fuel with two different reforming approaches, i.e., external and internal reforming, were studied to determine the optimal operation conditions for each approach. Thermodynamic analysis was performed using a flowsheet simulator. The equilibrium gas composition was calculated by minimizing the Gibbs free energy. An electrochemical model that includes three voltage losses (i.e., activation, ohmic, and concentration losses) was used to predict the performance of the SOFCs. The simulation results showed that the reformer in the external reforming SOFC should be operated at a temperature of 973 K, a pressure of 1 atm, and a steam-to-carbon molar ratio of 0.5. In performance analysis, the simulation results indicated that both approaches have the same optimal operating conditions, i.e. a temperature of 1173 K, a pressure of 3 atm, and a current density of 5000 A/m<sup>2</sup>. Under the same operating conditions, the internal reforming SOFC exhibited better electrical efficiency than that of the external reforming SOFC. Considering the CO<inf>2</inf> and CO emissions, the exhaust gas obtained from the anode side of the internal reforming SOFC contained 7.4% CO<inf>2</inf> and 37.9% CO, which are higher values than those for the external reforming SOFC (1.9% CO<inf>2</inf> and 32.5% CO).