KMITL

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Settings

Author: search.filters.author.Chatsuvan, ThabtimHas files: No

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Volatile Organic Compounds from Unexpected Sources: Fabric Softener-Initiated Emissions
    (2022-01-01)
    Chatsuvan, Thabtim
    ;
    Homwuttiwong, Sahalaph
    ;
    Morris, John
    ;
    Ongwandee, Maneerat
    A fabric softener is usually applied to laundry during a rinse stage. It is composed of surfactants, solvents and others, which can escape into the air and cause adverse effects. Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from fabrics conditioned with liquid fabric softener were measured and compared with those unconditioned and conditioned with water. Undyed, naturally-and chemically-dyed silks, cotton, polyester, Tetron cotton (T/C) and rayon fabrics were tested. The test fabrics were cut into 15×40 mm rectangles and equilibrated for 24 hr at 30 °C in 20 ml vials. The emitted VOCs in the vial air were sampled, using a solid phase microextraction technique and then analyzed by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Alkanes and toluene were mostly detected from the unconditioned fabrics. Toluene was emitted from machine woven fabrics – cotton, polyester, T/C and rayon-but not detected in the hand-woven silk. The fabrics emitted total VOCs per unit projected surface area in the range of 1-9 µg/m2 as toluene equivalent. Water-washing reduced emissions by 4-55%, whereas the fabric softener treatment increased emissions by 10-163% from the water-treated ones, except for the undyed silk. The most commonly emitted VOCs, from the fabrics treated with the fabric softener, were ethyl 2-methyl butyrate, nonanal, d-limonene and eucalyptol – compounds used to enhance fragrance. This demonstrated that fabric softeners contribute to the release of several VOCs mixtures that did not originate from the fabric itself.
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Nicotine sorption to clothing treated with fabric softener
    (2022-01-01)
    Ongwandee, Maneerat
    ;
    Chatsuvan, Thabtim
    ;
    Morris, John
    A fabric softener contains surfactants, solvents and other additives. When applied to laundry, these ingredients can coat fabric surfaces which may change sorption characteristics of the washed fabrics to indoor organic pollutants. We studied the changes by measuring the Fruendlich sorption isotherm parameters of undyed cotton, undyed silk, chemically-dyed (black) silk and polyester fabrics for two treatments: deionized water and commercial fabric softener (containing 8% diethyl ester dimethyl ammonium chloride). The isotherm test was performed by 2-L Tedlar bags filled up with 24-ppm gas-phase nicotine. Bags were shaken for 24 h at 25°C. Nicotine was collected by a solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique and then analysed with GC-FID. Cotton exhibited the highest sorption capacity for nicotine while polyester had the lowest for both treatments. Fabric softener application decreased the nicotine sorption of all fabrics by 1-3 orders of magnitude compared with those conditioned with water.
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Understanding interactions in the adsorption of gaseous organic compounds to indoor materials
    (2017-02-01)
    Ongwandee, Maneerat
    ;
    Chatsuvan, Thabtim
    ;
    Suksawas Na Ayudhya, Wichitsawat
    ;
    Morris, John
    We studied adsorption of organic compounds to a wide range of indoor materials, including plastics, gypsum board, carpet, and many others, under various relative humidity conditions by applying a conceptual model of the free energy of interfacial interactions of both van der Waals and Lewis acid-base (e-donor/acceptor) types. Data used for the analyses were partitioning coefficients of adsorbates between surface and gas phase obtained from three sources: our sorption experiments and two other published studies. Target organic compounds included apolars, monopolars, and bipolars. We established correlations of partitioning coefficients of adsorbates for a considered surface with the corresponding hexadecane/air partitioning coefficients of the adsorbates which are used as representative of a van der Waals descriptor instead of vapor pressure. The logarithmic adsorption coefficients of the apolars and weak bases, e.g., aliphatics and aromatics, to indoor materials linearly correlates well with the logarithmic hexadecane/air partitioning coefficients regardless of the surface polarity. The surface polarity in terms of e-donor/acceptor interactions becomes important for adsorption of the strong bases and bipolars, e.g., amines, phenols, and alcohols, to unpainted gypsum board. Under dry or humid conditions, the adsorption to flat plastic materials still linearly correlates well with the van der Waals interactions of the adsorbates, but no correlations were observed for the adsorption to fleecy or plush materials, e.g., carpet. Adsorption of highly bipolar compounds, e.g., phenol and isopropanol, is strongly affected by humidity, attributed to Lewis acid-base interactions with modified surfaces.