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Postharvest detection of anthracnose (Colletotrichum asianum) on mango fruit (Mangifera indica L. cv Namdokmai Sithong) using near-infrared response
(2026-12-01)
Junto, Apiwat
;
Phanomsophon, Thitima
;
Sharma, Sneha
;
Kaewsorn, Kannapot
;
Jongyingcharoen, Jiraporn Sripinyowanich
Anthracnose disease, caused by fungi of the genus Colletotrichum, poses a major threat to mango production and export industries, with Colletotrichum asianum being among the most significant pathogenic species. This work proposes the hypothesis that the simple difference in absorption between anthracnose-infected and noninfected mangoes illustrated by the average near-infrared (NIR) spectra obtained from hyperspectral images could be used for simple differentiation of the two groups. The method of depositing fungal spores by spraying the spores over the fruit surface, not a small area or specific point, allows for the number of spores per unit area to be harmonized and to detect infected or noninfected spores on every pixel of the mango surface using a hyperspectral imaging camera. Important wavelengths for differentiation included water bands of 970, 1190, and 1200 nm which resulted in the greatest difference in absorbance, and bands of chitin, the major component of the fungal cell wall; 1195 nm was the most important band. In addition, the vibration bands of 868 (protein in the fungal cell wall), 1134 (sugar and starch of the mango substrate), 1320 (NIR absorbers in the fungus-sprayed and mango substrate, not specifically defined) and 1069 nm (crystallinity and N-acetyl methyl groups in the fungal chitin and constituents of the mango), differed from each other. These wavelengths can be used for modelling, which can lead to high performance in quantifying the concentration of anthracnose and classifying the strength levels of anthracnose infection. The microbiological mechanism of anthracnose growth on infected mangoes corresponding to changes in the NIR spectrum during the 4 days after spore infection is comprehensively discussed. These results can aid in enhancing early detection and classification techniques for anthracnose-infected mangoes from noninfected mangoes using hyperspectral image sensors.
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Effect of Environment Temperature and Relative Humidity on Thermal Emissivity: Study Case of Mango Fruit
(2024-01-01)
Sirisomboon, Panmanas
;
Sripinyowanich Jongyingcharoen, Jiraporn
;
Junto, Apiwat
;
Phanomsophon, Thitima
;
Dachoupakan Sirisomboon, Cheewanun
This research was to study the effect of the environment condition during image captured including temperature and relative humidity in the packaging house of the mango exporting factory and in the orchard on the emissivity of mango fruit. The result showed that in the controlled environment of the packaging house in factory, the emissivity was increased (the mango emitted more energy) when the surface temperature was lower and the emissivity of mango is 0.71-0.84 and in the uncontrolled environment of open-air packaging yard in the mango orchard, the different transpiration rates of mango effected mainly by ambient temperature and relative humidity make the morning condition emissivity of 0.44-0.66 and the afternoon condition of 0.72-0.98. There was the effect of the different measured positions on the fruits where the physiology was different and the fluctuated environment in the latter condition made the wide range of emissivity of mangoes. This indicated the shortcoming of thermal imaging of horticultural product if the correct emissivity varied and difficult to set in the thermal camera setting, hence the inaccurate thermogram to be obtained.

KMITL

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