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Author: search.filters.author.Choodum, AreeSubject: search.filters.subject.Continuous flow adsorption

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    Mechanistic insights into efficient methylene blue adsorption by single-rod mangosteen peel waste composite starch cryogel: Batch and column studies
    (2026-02-01)
    Phatthanawiwat, Kharittha
    ;
    Phawachalotorn, Chanadda
    ;
    Wongniramaikul, Worawit
    ;
    Choodum, Aree
    A green composite tablet, based on the immobilization of mangosteen peel (MP) waste particles in starch cryogel (Cry-DMP), was successfully prepared and characterized. Cry-DMP exhibited a high adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB), with a maximum capacity (qₘₐₓ) of 26.53 mg g⁻¹ , and the equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir model ( R² = 0.9902). High removal efficiencies of 97.21 % in synthetic water and 70.8 % in real Batik industrial wastewater were achieved without chemical activation of the mangosteen peel particles, demonstrating the practical applicability of the adsorbent. The suggested adsorption mechanism mainly relies on electrostatic interaction with additional contributions from hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. The pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption kinetics ( R² = 1), and the adsorption of MB onto Cry-DMP was determined to be spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, the Yoon–Nelson model accurately described the experimental results from continuous flow experiments ( R <sup> 2 </sup> = 0.8598–0.9981). Sodium silicate reduces removal efficiency by 8.82 %, while sodium phosphate increases it by 2.94 %. Cry-DMP effectively removes MB and other cationic dyes but is ineffective against anionic dyes, highlighting its selective adsorption capabilities. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of Cry-DMP as a green adsorbent for MB and highlight the feasibility of waste utilization with a greener approach.
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    Continuous-flow phosphate removal using Cry-Ca-COS Monolith: Insights from dynamic adsorption modeling
    (2025-05-01)
    Phawachalotorn, Chanadda
    ;
    Wongniramaikul, Worawit
    ;
    Kaewnoo, Satabodee
    ;
    Choodum, Aree
    This study rigorously evaluates the adsorption performance of the Cry-Ca-COS monolith for phosphate removal in a column operation mode. Characterization of the material both before and after exhaustion in a continuous flow system (column form) showed no difference compared to results from a batch system (tablet form). The XPS results indicated that the adsorption mechanism of phosphate on the Cry-Ca-COS column involved surface microprecipitation and ligand exchange (inner-sphere complexation). A systematic examination of key parameters revealed that higher column height, lower flow rate, and higher initial phosphate concentration favor increased phosphate adsorption in continuous mode. The application of the developed system to a real wastewater sample resulted in a satisfactory removal efficiency of 99.16 %, along with a concurrent reduction in total suspended solids (TSS) by 63.07 %. The adsorption data were analyzed using five dynamic adsorption models—Adam-Bohart, Wolborska, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Yan—employing both linear and non-linear approaches. The non-linear models demonstrated a better fit with the experimental data, as indicated by higher correlation coefficients (R² = 0.9994 in the Yoon-Nelson model). An analysis of comprehensive errors was also conducted to assess the adequacy and precision of the model equations.