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Correlation of oxygen consumption with growth and red pigment production of Monascus purpureus in solid state fermentation of rice
(2024-04-01)
Chysirichote, T.
;
Sakoolkaew, P.
;
Klinthong, W.
Since aeration has a crucial role in mass and heat transfer during solid-state fermentation (SSF), the aim of the present work was to find out how it related to biomass and red pigment production of Monascus purpureus TISTR3615 during SSF. The fungal consumption of oxygen, one of the air's constituents important for fungal metabolism, was used to explain the relationship between the aeration rate, the fungal growth, and the red pigment production during the SSF of rice. Findings showed that at increased aeration rates, the fungus absorbed more oxygen, which boosted fungal growth but decreased red pigment production. Conversely, red pigment production increased when the fungus' oxygen consumption decreased. Regression equations with an acceptable R 2 were used to explain the relationship between M. purpureus' red pigment production and its oxygen consumption and aeration rate. The ideal oxygen concentration for increasing M. purpureus' capacity to produce red pigment was 0.0685 mmol/day/g of dry biomass, which produced red pigment at around 2,897 AU500nm/g of dry biomass. However, the optimal oxygen consumption of the fungus for overall red pigment production (including growth impact) was 1.390 mmol/day/g of dry biomass, which produced red pigment at around 2,787 AU500nm/g of dry fermented rice. The results of the present work could potentially be utilised in developing M. purpureus' red pigment production approach.
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Byproduct from Triphala Extraction as Tannin and Rutin Sources for Production of Gallic Acid, Isoquercetin and Quercetin by Solid-State Fermentation
(2022-01-01)
Chysirichote, T.
;
Pakaweerachat, P.
Byproduct from Triphala extraction process (BTP) was studied as a substrate for gallic acid, isoquercetin and quercetin production by Aspergillus niger fermentation in this research. The results showed that BTP was a good source of tannin and rutin. Nevertheless, the activity of A. niger on BTP as a sole substrate was very low. Supplementing nitrogen sources was found to be a key to enhancing conversion of tannin to gallic acid, and rutin to isoquercetin or isoquercetin and quercetin. BTP with 0.75 % sodium nitrate was suggested to be an optimal supplemented nitrogen source for the production of gallic acid and isoquercetin in this research, which yielded the highest contents of 61.6±2.16 mg g–1<inf>DS</inf> and 3.27±0.29 mg g–1<inf>DS</inf>, respectively. In addition, the highest extraction yields of gallic acid, isoquercetin and quercetin were obtained by an ultrasoundassisted extraction using methanol as an extraction solvent as 12.24±2.12 mg g–1<inf>DS</inf> which was around 0.5 time higher than the one without ultrasoundassisted extraction (8.84±1.12 mg g–1<inf>DS</inf>).
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Effects of maltodextrin on physicochemical properties of freeze-dried avocado powder
(2021-12-01)
Chuacharoen, T.
;
Moolwong, J.
;
Chysirichote, T.
The effect of maltodextrin on the moisture sorption isotherm, glass transition temperature (T<inf>g</inf>), and degree of caking of freeze-dried avocado samples at room temperature (25°C) was investigated. The incorporation of maltodextrin reduced the water sorption capacity of the powder due to its less hygroscopic nature. Parameters derived from the Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer (GAB) model describing the properties of absorbed water are discussed. The water absorption isotherm possessed the characteristic sigmoid-shaped type II isotherm curves and the model gave the best fit over the whole range of a<inf>w</inf> tested. The differential scanning calorimetric method was used to measure the T<inf>g</inf> of freeze-dried avocado samples. Increasing the water content decreased the T<inf>g</inf>, and T<inf>g</inf> was increased with increasing maltodextrin content. Increased maltodextrin content to solid material in the freeze-dried sample was associated with less sensitivity to caking as evidenced by T<inf>g</inf> values. In addition, increased maltodextrin content in the powders caused brighter, less yellowish, and more greenish coloration and protected color change including browning index. The antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased with increasing maltodextrin content. Thus, the effect of maltodextrin concentration on physicochemical properties was a promising way to preserve the physical property and chemical compounds in freeze-dried avocado powder.
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Valorization of banana peel for citric acid production under solid state fermentation with aspergillus Niger
(2020-01-01)
Chysirichote, T.
Valorization of banana peel (BP) through solid state fermentation (SSF) was aimed in this research. The appropriate conditions of citric acid (CA) production by SSF of Aspergillus Niger were investigated. Firstly, the optimum initial pH of the BP and the aeration rate were studied by conducting SSF in a 250-mL flask and 2-L glass column, respectively. It was found that the initial pH of the BP and aeration rates affected the CA production. The results showed that the initial pH of 5.0 and 1.0 vvm aeration were appropriate for the CA production of A. Niger using BP as a substrate. The problem of rising temperature during SSF was found when applying the optimum condition to the SSF in the 20-L packed bed bioreactor (PBB), which caused a decrease in the CA production compared to that of the glass column. The cooling air jacket constructed to the PBB to remove the heat during the SSF helped increase the CA production from that in the PBB. The maximum CA production in the 20-L air-jacketed PBB was 124.0±19.2 mg g-1<inf>DS</inf>.
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Cellulase production by Aspergillus Niger ATCC 16888 on copra waste from coconut milk process in layered packed-bed bioreactor
(2018-07-01)
Chysirichote, T.
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has been used to produce value-added products from agricultural and food processing wastes, but the majority of SSF production has been conducted on a small scale due to the limitations of heat and mass transfer. This research aimed to reduce the temperature changes in packed-bed bioreactor during the cellulase fermentation of Aspergillus Niger ATCC 16888 on copra waste from coconut milk process. The three configurations of bioreactor used in this study consisted of one-(control), two- and three-layered packed-bed bioreactors. Total volumes of packed-bed bioreactor and bed material were 127 and 57 L, respectively. The sterilized air 30 °C was forced from the bottom of bioreactor at 0.20 vvm. The highest cellulase production (5.0 ± 0.4 FPU g-1 <inf>DS</inf>) was obtained from the bottom zone of the three-layered bioreactor after fermenting for 1 d. However, the greatest growth was found at the top one, in which a large amount of aerial mycelium was detected.

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