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Sustainable Utilization of Chicken Eggshell Waste for Adsorptive Removal of Congo Red Dye from Wastewater
(2026-01-01)
Leelahakarnjana, Kanyakorn
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Triyaprasertporn, Rawisara
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Clowutimon, Weerawat
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Assawasaengrat, Pornsawan
This study investigates the adsorptive removal of Congo red dye from wastewater using raw chicken eggshell, CaO derived from calcined eggshell, and commercial CaO as adsorbents. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine equilibrium time and analyze adsorption isotherms. Characterization of the materials using XRD, XRF, FT-IR, FT-Raman, and BET confirmed that the calcination process effectively transforms CaCO<inf>3</inf> in the raw eggshell into CaO, significantly increasing surface area and pore volume. These improvements enhance the material’s adsorption performance. The adsorption of Congo red reached equilibrium within 90 min for all adsorbents. Among the tested materials, CaO from eggshell exhibited adsorption capacity comparable to that of commercial CaO, while raw eggshell showed lower performance due to limited surface properties and basicity. Adsorption isotherm data for all adsorbents were better fitted with the Langmuir model, indicating a monolayer physical adsorption process. Overall, the results demonstrate that chicken eggshell waste, when thermally treated, is a promising and sustainable adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater.
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Adsorption of methylene blue using calcium oxide from chicken eggshell
(2025-06-05)
Unkaew, Woravarun
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Poka, Pinchaphat
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Clowutimon, Weerawat
;
Assawasaengrat, Pornsawan
The adsorption of methylene blue on calcium oxide synthesized from chicken eggshells was investigated as a method for wastewater purification. Calcium oxide adsorbent was prepared by calcining ground eggshells in a furnace at 900°C for 3 hours, resulting in a material with approximately 97% purity. Adsorption experiments were conducted in batch mode, using a 0.25g: 50 ml ratio of adsorbent to solution and maintaining a temperature of 35°C. The contact time and initial methylene blue concentration were varied between 0-480 minutes and 10-200 mg/L, respectively. Equilibrium was reached within 240 minutes, the adsorption isotherm can be modelled by Langmuir model with a maximum specific amount adsorbed of 27.03 mg/g.
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Production of empty palm bunch biochar using microwave-assisted pyrolysis at low temperature
(2021-09-15)
Paikamnam, Atipong
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Clowutimon, Weerawat
;
Chanpee, Sirayu
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Sriprom, Pongsert
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Assawasaengrat, Pornsawan
In this study, the production of palm empty fruit bunch biochar using microwave-assisted pyrolysis at low temperature was investigated. The empty palm bunch composition was analyzed by proximate analysis. The parameters relating to the production, i.e. type of microwave absorber, microwave power, heating time and ratio of palm empty fruit bunch to initial amount of microwave absorber, were studied to determine the optimum condition. The results found that the amount of fixed carbon in the empty palm bunch was approximately 10%. The optimum condition was microwave power 300-watt, heating 450 sec and ratio of empty palm bunch to concentrated sulfuric acid (the most suitable microwave absorber) 1:2.5. At this condition, the production yield was 50.78%. The iodine number of the biochar was 318.5 mg/g. The BET surface area of the biochar was 101.54 m2/g. The total pore volumes and pore diameter of the biochar were 0.144 cm3/g and 4.29 nm. respectively. The elemental analysis of biochar at the optimum condition was mainly composed of carbon and oxygen. The ratio of O/C is 0.73 indicating that the biochar is quite stable product against oxidation.

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