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Possible high-temperature superconductivity in LiCuH at ambient pressure
(2026-12-01)
Tsuppayakorn-aek, Prutthipong
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Thasitha, Sirinee
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Udomkijmongkol, Anan
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Sukmas, Wiwittawin
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Hussain, Tanveer
We theoretically investigate the structural stability, electronic property, and superconductivity of the hydrogen-rich compound LiCuH in its face-centered cubic phase. First-principles calculations show that LiCuH is thermodynamically metastable at ambient pressure but dynamically stable. Moreover, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation at 300 K further confirms that LiCuH remains structurally intact without decomposition. These results suggest that the material may be synthesized under high pressure and retained after decompression. Although thermodynamically metastable at ambient conditions, its dynamic stability supports its persistence after pressure release. Moreover, LiCuH exhibits metallic behavior with a flat band and van Hove singularity (vHS) near the Fermi level and Fermi-surface states dominated by Cu–d and H–s orbitals. Phonon calculations further indicate that hydrogen vibrations dominate the phonon contribution, while the electronic states near the Fermi level govern the coupling strength, resulting in a large electron–phonon coupling constant. Insights into the superconducting temperature () are obtained using various theoretical approaches, which estimate to be in the range of 93–152 K. Bonding analysis further indicates mixed covalent–ionic character within Cu–H octahedra. These results highlight LiCuH as a promising hydrogen-based metastable superconductor for future experimental exploration.
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Mechanistic understanding of transition-metal-decorated biphenylene for highly selective NO2 and NH3 detection
(2026-06-15)
Wongphen, Kantaphong
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Khammuang, Satchakorn
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Oo, Ghaim Man
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Kotmool, Komsilp
Here, we employ density functional theory (DFT) in combination with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to examine the sensing performance of biphenylene doped with selected transition-metal dopants (M@BP), specifically Fe, Co, and Ni, on NO<inf>2</inf> and NH<inf>3</inf>. The results indicate that NO<inf>2</inf> exhibits stronger interaction than NH<inf>3</inf>, with adsorption energies ( E<inf>ads</inf> ) exceeding -3.0 eV. In contrast, the E<inf>ads</inf> values for NH<inf>3</inf> are around -1.30 eV. Bader charge and electron density difference (EDD) analyses reveal that charge is transferred from the M@BP monolayers to NO<inf>2</inf>. In contrast, the charge transfer occurs in the opposite direction for NH<inf>3</inf>, indicating distinct chemical adsorption mechanisms. Additionally, the electron localization function (ELF) results indicate partial ionic bonding and localized charge sharing between the metal sites of M@BP and the gas molecules. Variations in the work function, alongside calculated sensitivity (S) values, demonstrate that M@BP is exceptionally responsive to NH<inf>3</inf>, with S values of 13.4 %, 8.7 %, and 13.7 % for Fe@BP, Co@BP, and Ni@BP, respectively. These materials exhibit strong potential as reusable gas sensors capable of operating at temperatures above 500 K while maintaining practical recovery times. Moreover, AIMD simulations confirm the thermal stability of Co@BP and Ni@BP, whereas Fe@BP exhibits instability at 600 K. These findings suggest that M@BP possess a strong affinity for NH<inf>3</inf>, tunable electronic properties, and excellent thermal stability, making them promising candidates for selective, reusable high-temperature gas-sensor applications.
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Metal anchoring-induced enhancement of Ψ-graphene gas sensors for CH4, CO, and CO2 monitoring
(2026-05-01)
Khammuang, Satchakorn
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Wongphen, Kantaphong
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Kotmool, Komsilp
Metal-anchored Ψ-graphene (Ψ-G@M; M = Cu, Ag, Pd, and Pt) systems were systematically investigated using first-principles calculations to assess their structural stability, electronic properties, and gas-sensing performance toward CH<inf>4</inf>, CO, and CO<inf>2</inf>. Structural analysis indicates that all metal atoms can be stably anchored on the Ψ-graphene surface, with stability following the order Pt > Pd > Cu > Ag based on formation energies and adsorption distances. Electronic structure analyses, including partial density of states (PDOS), electron density difference (EDD), Bader charge, and electron localization function (ELF), reveal stronger orbital hybridization between Pd and Pt with the C-2p states of Ψ-graphene, suggesting partially covalent interactions, whereas Cu and Ag exhibit weaker hybridization and more localized electronic distributions. All metal-anchored systems preserve the intrinsic non-magnetic character of Ψ-graphene. Gas adsorption results demonstrate that CH<inf>4</inf> adsorption on Ψ-G@Cu, Ψ-G@Pd, and Ψ-G@Pt, CO adsorption on Ψ-G@Ag, and CO<inf>2</inf> adsorption on Ψ-G@Cu, Ψ-G@Pd, and Ψ-G@Pt fall within the optimal adsorption energy range (-0.50 to -1.20 eV), providing a suitable balance between adsorption strength and reversible desorption for sensing applications. In contrast, the exceptionally strong adsorption of CO on Ψ-G@Cu, Ψ-G@Pd, and Ψ-G@Pt suggests that these systems are more suitable for gas capture than for reversible sensing. Work function modulation and sensitivity analyses reveal that CH<inf>4</inf> adsorption on Ψ-G@Cu and CO<inf>2</inf> adsorption on Ψ-G@Cu, Ψ-G@Pd, and Ψ-G@Pt exhibit sensitivity values exceeding 10%, indicating significant electronic responses upon gas adsorption. Recovery time calculations further demonstrate rapid desorption of CH<inf>4</inf> on Ψ-G@Cu and Ψ-G@Pd, and of CO<inf>2</inf> on Ψ-G@Cu and Ψ-G@Pd, at 300 K, suggesting excellent reversibility and fast sensing capability. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations confirm that the sensing systems, CH<inf>4</inf>-Ψ-G@Cu and CO<inf>2</inf>-Ψ-G@Pd, remain structurally stable at both 300 K and 500 K, demonstrating strong thermal stability under operating and regeneration conditions. These findings highlight that Cu- and Pd-anchored Ψ-graphene are promising candidates for high-performance CH<inf>4</inf> and CO<inf>2</inf> gas sensing with high sensitivity, rapid recovery, and robust thermal stability.
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Inhibiting the shuttle effect in sodium-sulfur batteries using Mo2CT2(T = S, O) MXenes: A DFT investigation
(2026-03-30)
Udomkijmongkol, Anan
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Ruttanapunt, Piyaphat
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Thasitha, Sirinee
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Ounrit, Iyarat
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Khammuang, Satchakorn
The rising demand for electrification has highlighted sodium–sulfur (Na–S) batteries as a promising energy-storage technology due to their high theoretical capacity, abundant materials, and low cost. However, their performance is limited by polysulfide dissolution, or the shuttle effect, which slows redox kinetics and accelerates capacity fading. This study employs the DFT method to investigate Mo<inf>2</inf>CT<inf>2</inf> (T = S, O) MXenes in 1T and 2H phases as potential anchoring materials for sulfur cathodes. All Mo<inf>2</inf>CT<inf>2</inf> structures effectively adsorb sodium polysulfides (Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>n</inf>), demonstrating higher adsorption strength than commercial electrolytes and effectively suppressing the shuttle effect. Structural phase notably affects Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>n</inf> adsorption on Mo<inf>2</inf>CS<inf>2</inf>, while its influence is minor for Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf>. Higher Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>n</inf>-Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf> interaction arises from greater charge transfer from Na to O atom driven by higher electronegativity difference. Among the candidates, 2H-Mo<inf>2</inf>CS<inf>2</inf> and 1T-Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf> exhibit higher binding energies than its counterpart and maintain metallic conductivity after Na<inf>2</inf>S<inf>n</inf> adsorption, benefiting electron transport. Gibbs free energy calculations indicate more favorable sulfur reduction pathways on Mo<inf>2</inf>CT<inf>2</inf> surfaces, along with reduced energy barriers for Na<inf>2</inf>S oxidation. Overall, Mo<inf>2</inf>CT<inf>2</inf> MXenes exhibit strong anchoring capability and catalytic activity, making them promising materials for mitigating the shuttle effect and enhancing electrochemical performance in Na–S batteries.
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Ab initio investigation of NO capture by Fe/Co/Ni‑doped biphenylene monolayers
(2026-02-15)
Wongphen, Kantaphong
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Khammuang, Satchakorn
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Kotmool, Komsilp
We employ first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explore the potential of Fe-, Co–, and Ni-doped biphenylene (BP) monolayers as efficient materials for nitric oxide (NO) gas detection and capture. Our results reveal strong chemisorption of NO gas, with adsorption energies of −2.820, −2.016, and −2.504 eV, respectively. Spin-polarized partial density of states (PDOS) analysis indicates notable magnetic modulation upon NO adsorption, particularly the quenching of spin in Fe-doped BP and induced asymmetric spin polarization in Co– and Ni-doped systems. Charge transfer analysis, as determined by Bader charge, electron density difference (EDD), and electron localization function (ELF), confirms significant electron donation from the doped surfaces to the NO molecule, correlating with an enhanced adsorption strength. Metal doping significantly reduces the work function (ϕ) value of the BP monolayer, while subsequent NO adsorption slightly increases due to electron transfer from the metal dopants to the NO gas. Moreover, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations at 300 K demonstrate the thermal stability of the NO-adsorbed configurations, reinforcing the feasibility of these systems under ambient temperature. Collectively, our findings highlight the strong interaction between NO gas and metal-doped BP monolayers (M@BP), underscoring their promise for advanced NO gas storage and sensing technologies.
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Structural stabilities, elastic property, and robust topological phases in Janus MoWCO2MXene from first-principles investigation
(2026-02-25)
Thasitha, Sirinee
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Tsuppayakorn-aek, Prutthipong
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Kaewmaraya, Thanayut
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Bovornratanaraks, Thiti
Two-dimensional (2D) topological materials have attracted considerable interest because of their potential applications in next-generation quantum and spintronic devices. In this work, we systematically investigate the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Janus MoWCO<inf>2</inf> MXene using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, both with and without spin–orbit coupling (SOC). The energetically favored O-terminated configurations are examined in detail, revealing that the 2H phase exhibits higher thermodynamic, mechanical, and dynamical stability than the 1T phase. In the absence of SOC, both phases display metallic behavior. Upon inclusion of SOC, a band inversion emerges at the Γ point. In particular, SOC opens a narrow band gap of approximately 0.10 eV in the 2H phase, whereas the 1T phase remains gapless and exhibits semimetallic characteristics. Topological analysis based on helical edge states and Z<inf>2</inf> invariants indicates that 2H-MoWCO<inf>2</inf> is a strong topological insulator candidate, while 1T-MoWCO<inf>2</inf> can be classified as a topological semimetal candidate. These findings suggest that Janus MoWCO<inf>2</inf> MXene represents a promising two-dimensional platform for exploring SOC-driven topological phases and related quantum phenomena.
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Modulating WS2 surface reactivity via Nb decoration: A DFT study of gas interaction, sensing, and storage potential
(2026-01-15)
Wongphen, Kantaphong
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Ruttanapunt, Piyaphat
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Khammuang, Satchakorn
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Kotmool, Komsilp
In this study, we employ first-principles density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of niobium-decorated tungsten disulfide (Nb@WS<inf>2</inf>), a potential material for gas capture and sensing. The adsorption behavior of CO, HCHO, NO, and NO<inf>2</inf> was systematically investigated. Adsorption energies (E<inf>ads</inf>) range from −1.481 eV (CO) to −3.290 eV (NO<inf>2</inf>), with NO<inf>2</inf> exhibiting the strongest interaction due to the high difference in electronegativity between interacting N and Nb atoms. Partial density of states (PDOS), Bader charge analysis, electron density difference (EDD), and electron localization function (ELF) collectively reveal significant charge transfer from Nb@WS<inf>2</inf> to gas molecules, confirming the chemisorption nature of the interactions and the emergence of distinct electronic and magnetic signatures. Work function analysis showed notable increases upon gas adsorption, correlating with sensitivity enhancements of up to 18.24 % for NO. However, the elevated E<inf>ads</inf> values observed in these systems, leading to their enormous recovery times, pose specific challenges for their practical use as reusable gas sensors. Moreover, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations at 500 K confirm the thermal stability of gas-adsorbed configurations, reinforcing the viability of Nb@WS<inf>2</inf> for high-temperature sensing or capturing applications.
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Unveiling the potential of Mo2C and Mo2CO2MXenes for Na-ion batteries: An ab initio study
(2026-01-01)
Khammuang, Satchakorn
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Kaewmaraya, Thanayut
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Hussain, Tanveer
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Kotmool, Komsilp
This study employs density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the potential of Mo<inf>2</inf>C and Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf>MXenes as promising anode material candidates for Na-ion batteries under varying biaxial strains. The findings indicate that O-termination significantly enhances the Na adsorption energy compared to bare Mo<inf>2</inf>C, due to a stronger O-Na interaction. Under compressive strain, the diffusion energy barrier decreases while it increases under tensile strain for both forms of Mo<inf>2</inf>C-based MXenes. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations at 300 K, which verify the thermal stabilities of both calculated MXenes, suggest their maximum theoretical capacities at operational temperatures, calculated to be 131.43 mAh/g for Mo<inf>2</inf>C and 227.21 mAh/g for Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf>. The open-circuit voltages (OCV) calculated from DFT total energies for the Na loadings retained after AIMD. The OVC is in the optimal range of 0–1.0 V, which helps prevent dendrite formation. The OCV values of 0.47 V for Mo<inf>2</inf>C and 0.65 V for Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf>highlight their suitability as anodes. These results show that Mo<inf>2</inf>C and Mo<inf>2</inf>CO<inf>2</inf>have low energy barriers, high structural stability, and low OCV values, making them promising candidates for Na-ion battery anodes with properties that can be adjusted through biaxial strain modifications.
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Micro-supercapacitors of exceptionally high capacitance fabricated using intrinsically stable MXene inks via electrohydrodynamic jet printing
(2026-01-01)
Ali, Shahzaib
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Khalil, Shaheer Mohiuddin
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Shahzad, Faisal
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Im, Busi
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Hussain, Tanveer
MXenes hold tremendous promise as printable conductive inks for microelectronic devices, due to their excellent electrical conductivity and solution processability. However, their oxidation susceptibility and poor dispersion in organic solvents hinder the development of highly viscous, organic-based MXene inks, necessary for making micro-supercapacitors via the high-resolution Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet-printing technique. Herein, we present a robust solution by developing alkylated 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (ADOPA) functionalized MXene (ADS-MXene), blended with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a hybrid organic solvent, to form a stable ADS-MXene<inf>(CMC)</inf> ink. This ink demonstrated high electrical conductivity (3400 S cm<sup>−1</sup>), optimal viscosity (∼4 ×10 ³ cP), oxidation resistance and highly stable dispersion for up to 3 months. Utilizing an EHD jet printing process especially optimized for this ink composition, we successfully fabricated ultrahigh-resolution interdigitated micro-supercapacitor electrodes with a line width and gap of 80 µm, achieving an outstanding areal cell density of 6 cells cm⁻². These electrodes experimentally exhibited superior volumetric capacitance of 2013 F cm⁻³, the highest reported to date for a MXene printed micro-supercapacitor device. This remarkable capacitance was further validated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which revealed pronounced charge transfer between ADOPA and MXene, contributing to said stability. Beyond record device metrics, ADS‑MXene<inf>(CMC)</inf> establishes a reproducible ink process operating window for stable EHD printing, advancing standardization efforts for MXene inks. This approach overcomes longstanding critical processing barriers and opens new avenues for high resolution, ultrahigh capacitance micro-supercapacitors, indispensable for next-generation microelectronics.
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WS2Nanosheet-Based Sensors for Efficient Detection and Removal of Potentially Toxic Elements: A DFT Investigation
(2025-08-08)
Panigrahi, Puspamitra
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PS, Anuroop
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Pal, Yash
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Sharma, Munish
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Bae, Hyeonhu
This study presents a computational approach for designing nanosensors based on two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS<inf>2</inf>) monolayers for detecting potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including silver (Ag), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb). Using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the sensing performance of WS<inf>2</inf>-based materials was assessed in both atmospheric and aqueous conditions. To enhance the inherently weak adsorption and limited electronic interaction of pristine WS<inf>2</inf>with PTEs, its carrier concentration was modulated by introducing sulfur vacancies (WS<inf>2</inf>–S<inf>v</inf>) and doping with low concentrations (1.33%) of carbon (WS<inf>2</inf>–C), phosphorus (WS<inf>2</inf>–P), oxygen (WS<inf>2</inf>–O), and silicon (WS<inf>2</inf>–Si). These modifications significantly improved the material’s sensitivity and selectivity toward the targeted PTEs. Beyond atmospheric detection, the doped WS<inf>2</inf>sensor systems demonstrated strong potential for application in aqueous environments, indicating their suitability for water purification. The sensing capabilities of WS<inf>2</inf>were further substantiated by measurable alterations in electronic and charge transfer characteristics, as revealed through analyses of the density of states, work function, electrostatic potential profiles, and Bader charge analysis. To enable quantitative detection of PTEs under varying pressure, temperature, and surface coverage conditions, a statistical thermodynamics framework based on the Langmuir adsorption model was applied. Additionally, selective detection of PTEs was evaluated using nonequilibrium Green’s Functions (NEGF) formalism. Collectively, these findings highlight WS<inf>2</inf>-based nanosensors as a promising platform for the sensitive and selective adsorption and detection of toxic elements in diverse environmental settings.

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