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Techno-economic performance analysis of biomass-to-methanol with solid oxide electrolyzer for sustainable bio-methanol production
(2024-12-30)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
;
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
;
Im-orb, Karittha
The analysis of the technical and economic performance of an integrated biomass to methanol and solid oxide electrolysis process (BtM-SOEC) is studied to find more sustainable process of bio-methanol production. The oil palm empty fruit branch (EFB) which is abundant in Thailand is used as biomass feedstock. Modeling of the BtM-SOEC is done using Aspen Plus. For technical aspects, the production rate of oxygen and hydrogen from the SOEC can be enhanced through an appropriate adjustment of the number of cells and cell temperature. The BtM-SOEC offers higher methanol yield and overall efficiency, while consumes less energy than the conventional biomass to methanol process (BtM). The maximum methanol production rate of 0.4995 kmol hr−1 derived from BtM-SOEC is achieved at a number of cells of 325 cells and a cell temperature of 700 °C, at this condition the overall efficiency is 64.79 %. The economic assessment indicates that the conventional BtM and BtM-SOEC are still not economically feasible. However, the conventional BtM is more economically feasible than the BtM-SOEC. The methanol cost of BtM-SOEC can turn out to be economically feasible when renewable electricity cost and SOEC cost decrease substantially. The methanol cost of the BtM-SOEC (620 USD ton−1) can be competitive to that of the BtM (703 USD ton−1) when the cost of input renewable electricity decreases by 80 %. Consequently, this research highlights the potential of BtM-SOEC from agricultural residues for sustainable bio-methanol production in the future market condition that the cost of renewable electricity tends to continuously decrease with the technology development and increased technology adoption and the carbon policy tends to be tightened to relieve global warming.
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Sustainability analysis of the bio-dimethyl ether (bio-DME) production via integrated biomass gasification and direct DME Synthesis Process
(2023-05-01)
Im-orb, Karittha
;
Piroonlerkgul, Pakorn
The sustainability analysis based on life cycle assessment (LCA) of bio-dimethyl ether (bio-DME) production via an integrated biomass gasification and direct DME synthesis (IBG-DME) process, using oil palm residue as feedstock, was performed. The IBG-DME process was simulated in Aspen plus. Operating at selected condition, the IBG-DME was an exothermic process, whereas for 1 kg h−1 of oil palm trunk, bio-DME of 0.3456 kg h−1 and bio-methanol of 0.015 kg h−1 were produced as main product and by product, respectively, with energy efficiency at 59.5%. The energy consumption increased as gasifying temperature increased and reached thermal self-sufficient condition at approximately 890 °C but the CO<inf>2</inf> emission showed opposite trend. LCA result indicated that the carbon footprint of each unit operation relied on the energy consumption. For biomass gasification section, the global warming potential (GWP) accounted for approximately 91% of the total impact. The DME production section highly contributed toward the ozone depletion potential (ODP), eco-toxicity (ET), and human toxicity-non-carcinogenics (HTNC) whereas the syngas cleaning and conditioning section highly contributed toward GWP, human toxicity potential by ingestion (HTPI), and aquatic toxicity potential (ATP). The endpoint impact on the ecosystem were higher than the human health for all process sections.
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Comparative techno-economic assessment of bio-methanol and bio-DME production from oil palm residue
(2022-04-15)
Im-orb, Karittha
;
Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
The techno-economic assessment was performed to investigate and compare the production of bio-methanol and bio-dimethyl ether (bio-DME) via the combined gasification and chemical synthesis processes (i.e., gasification-methanol (MeOH) and gasification-DME). The combined processes were simulated using oxygen as a gasifying agent and the oil palm trunk, the agricultural waste generated from the palm oil industry, as feedstock. The gasification-MeOH process offered a higher amount of valuable product (methanol) and released a larger amount of CO<inf>2</inf>. The energy analysis indicated the two biomass conversion processes were exothermic process. The gasification-DME process presented a higher biomass conversion efficiency of 59.5% compared to 47.6% of the gasification-MeOH. The pinch analysis of gasification-MeOH and the gasification-DME processes indicated threshold pinch that required only cold utility of 0.5542 kW and 0.7258 kW, respectively. Regarding the economic aspect, the two processes were still not economically feasible, and the methanol and DME prices and the project lifetime influenced their economic performance. However, due to the high product price, the gasification-DME process was approximately 7% more economically feasible than the gasification-MeOH process.
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Bio-methanol production from oil palm residues: A thermodynamic analysis
(2020-12-15)
Im-orb, Karittha
;
Phan, Anh N.
;
Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
The thermodynamic analysis of bio-methanol production from oil palm residues was performed using a process model developed in Aspen Plus. Among the different types of oil palm residues, i.e., trunk, frond, and empty fruit bunch, the trunk residue offers the highest synthesis gas (syngas) (H<inf>2</inf> and CO) yields via the gasification process; therefore, it was selected as the biomass model compound. The effect of gasification operating conditions on the syngas composition, yield, bio-methanol production, energy consumption, and exergy performance was examined. The yield of syngas increased with increasing gasifying temperature, whereas that of bio-methanol exhibited the opposite trend due to the decrease in H<inf>2</inf> concentration of the syngas. The gasifier was an important unit for enhancing the exergy efficiency of the system, which was decreased when the equivalent ratio (ER) and gasifying temperature increased. Recirculating pressure swing adsorption offgas to the gasifier did not benefit bio-methanol production, nor did it improve energy and exergy performance. The maximum yield of bio-methanol was achieved by a once-through process that maintained the gasifying temperature at 750 °C and ER at 0.25. Under these conditions, the maximum energy and exergy efficiencies were 38.57 and 25.44%, respectively.
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Process and sustainability analyses of the integrated biomass pyrolysis, gasification, and methanol synthesis process for methanol production
(2020-02-15)
Im-orb, Karittha
;
Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Technical and sustainability analyses of the methanol production via the integrated biomass pyrolysis, gasification, and methanol synthesis (IBPGM) process using rice straw as feedstock, are performed. The utilization of emitted CO<inf>2</inf> by recycling to a gasifier as a gasifying agent is investigated for technical and environmental reasons. The effects of CO<inf>2</inf> recirculation on the product distribution and energy consumption of the IBPGM process are examined. The production rate of methanol is improved with the increased CO<inf>2</inf> recycle fraction, while that of bio-oil does not change. The IBPGM is a highly exothermic process, with the largest energy-releasing unit being the methanol reactor. The energy consumption at the gasifier exhibits the same trend and thermal self-sufficiency is consequently achieved when the recycle fraction is raised to 0.76. Environmental assessment using a life cycle analysis tool reveals that the energy management of methanol synthesis unit and syngas processor needs to be improved as they highly contribute toward the carbon footprint and potential environmental impact. The technical and environmental factors of the IBPGM process are evaluated by the analysis hierarchy process, calculated by a multi-criteria decision analysis method. The IBPGM process with the CO<inf>2</inf> recycle fraction of 0.2 offers the best performance. Under this condition, the methanol and bio-oil production rates of 0.23 and 0.09 kmol h−1, respectively, and the energy efficiency of 60.7% can be achieved, based on the biomass feed rate of 1 kmol h−1.

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