KMITL
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/1
Browse
Search Results
- Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Day–Night All-Sky Scene Classification with an Attention-Enhanced EfficientNet(2026-02-01) ;Boonpook, Wuttichai ;Torteeka, Peerapong ;Torsri, Kritanai ;Kamthonkiat, DaroonwanTan, YuminAll-sky cameras provide continuous hemispherical observations essential for atmospheric monitoring and observatory operations; however, automated classification of sky conditions in tropical environments remains challenging due to strong illumination variability, atmospheric scattering, and overlapping thin-cloud structures. This study proposes EfficientNet-Attention-SPP Multi-scale Network (EASMNet), a physics-aware deep learning framework for robust all-sky scene classification using hemispherical imagery acquired at the Thai National Observatory. The proposed architecture integrates Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks for radiometric channel stabilization, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) for spatial–semantic refinement, and Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) for hemispherical multi-scale context aggregation within a fully fine-tuned EfficientNetB7 backbone, forming a domain-aware atmospheric representation framework. A large-scale dataset comprising 122,660 RGB images across 13 day–night sky-scene categories was curated, capturing diverse tropical atmospheric conditions including humidity, haze, illumination transitions, and sensor noise. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate that the EASMNet achieves 93% overall accuracy, outperforming representative convolutional (VGG16, ResNet50, DenseNet121) and transformer-based architectures (Swin Transformer, Vision Transformer). Ablation analyses confirm the complementary contributions of hierarchical attention and multi-scale aggregation, while class-wise evaluation yields F1-scores exceeding 0.95 for visually distinctive categories such as Day Humid, Night Clear Sky, and Night Noise. Residual errors are primarily confined to physically transitional and low-contrast atmospheric regimes. These results validate the EASMNet as a reliable, interpretable, and computationally feasible framework for real-time observatory dome automation, astronomical scheduling, and continuous atmospheric monitoring, and provide a scalable foundation for autonomous sky-observation systems deployable across diverse climatic regions.
