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Impact of particulate filters on biodiesel and diesel fuel: a comparative study of thermal efficiency and emissions
(2026-06-01)
Suteerapongpun, Teerapat
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Patkacha, Atikan
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
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Phairote, Watanyoo
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Saisirirat, Peerawat
This study investigated the influence of a partial-flow (P-DPF) and a full-flow (F-DPF) diesel particulate filter on the combustion and emissions of a light-duty diesel engine fueled with conventional diesel (B7) and pure biodiesel (B100). The engine was operated on a dynamometer under engine speeds of 1600–2000 rpm at 84–140 Nm loads. The results revealed that while B100 had higher mass-based specific fuel consumption (BSFC) due to its lower energy density, its overall brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was comparable to that of B7, indicating similar energy conversion efficiency. The use of DPFs resulted in a modest efficiency penalty, with brake thermal efficiency decreasing by 0.07% for the P-DPF and 2.62% for the F-DPF. The emissions analysis revealed the trade-offs associated with biodiesel use and DPF integration. While baseline B100 operation produced substantially higher nitric oxide (NO) emissions relative to B7, it consistently generated much lower smoke opacity. When averaged across all three aftertreatment configurations (no DPF, P-DPF, and F-DPF), B100 reduced smoke emissions by approximately 59% compared with B7. Additionally, the P-DPF and F-DPF proved effective at reducing smoke to half and near-zero levels, respectively, for both fuels.
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Influence of ethanol-blended B7-diesel on in-cylinder combustion characteristic, engine thermal efficiency and emission of a 3L-compression ignition engine
(2026-03-01)
Suteerapongpun, Teerapat
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Thaeviriyakul, Poonnut
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Phairote, Watanyoo
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Saisirirat, Peerawat
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Po-ngaen, Watcharin
This study investigated the effects of blending weight ratio of 5% and 10% ethanol (B7E5 and B7E10) with standard B7-diesel on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a light-duty common-rail diesel engine. The engine was tested on a dynamometer across various speeds (1600–2000 rpm) and loads (84 and 112 Nm) to analyze in-cylinder pressure, thermal efficiencies, and exhaust emissions. Results indicated significant emission benefits, especially at high loads. The B7E10 blend reduced smoke intensity by approximately 75% and carbon dioxide emissions by 34% compared to the baseline B7. The performance analysis revealed a critical trade-off associated with the ethanol blends: while the inherent oxygen content in ethanol significantly improved the indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) through enhanced combustion, its lower viscosity simultaneously led to increased frictional losses. Consequently, these competing effects resulted in only a modest improvement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and comparable brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC) compared to the baseline B7. The primary objective is to identify the benefits and trade-offs associated with ethanol blending in biodiesel-based diesel fuels that are compatible with existing diesel vehicles.
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Experimental investigation of metallic partial-flow particulate filter on a diesel engine's combustion pressure and particle emission
(2023-09-01)
Mon Phyo, Mi Zwe
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Wai, Phyo
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Thin, Myat Hsu
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Phairote, Watanyoo
The study aims to present the combustion and exhaust behaviors of a 3 L, four-cylinder common rail diesel engine with three different kinds of conventional B7 diesel fuels with and without a platinum diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) system and non-catalytic partial flow through a diesel particulate filter (P-DPF). Testing is performed under the three different operating conditions, idle to medium engine loading at 1000, 1500, and 2000 engine revolutions per minute with four different engine torques of 84, 112, 140 and 160 Nm. The surface morphology and agglomerate size of particulate matter (PM), single primary particle analysis as well as the fringe length of the carbon crystallite structure were also examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to achieve a better understanding through image processing. The P-DPF system does not have a significant effect on an engine's in-cylinder combustion characteristics and brake thermal efficiency. The diesel engine's particle emissions are reduced by trapping them on the metallic micro-fibers of a P-DPF. CO<inf>2</inf>, NO, and O<inf>2</inf> levels show that the carbonaceous particle emissions on the micro-structure of the P-DPF passively react with NO<inf>2</inf> and O<inf>2</inf>. Consequently, diesel engine particle emissions can be reduced by around 50% using a P-DPF system under the experimental conditions of the current study.
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Influence of ethanol-biodiesel blends on diesel engines combustion behavior and particulate matter physicochemical characteristics
(2022-12-01)
Karin, Preechar
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Tripatara, Aphichai
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Wai, Phyo
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Charoenphonphanich, Chinda
Ethanol-blended biodiesel fuel can reduce smoke emissions by over 50% on both a single-cylinder engine and a four-cylinder engine. The average single primary particle size of biodiesel blended diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel soot are approximately 30, 27, and 29 nm, respectively. The maximum graphene fringe length of biodiesel blended diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel CI engine's soot are approximately 5.2, 4.6, and 4.5 nm. The carbon atom density of soot particles emitted from the diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol blended biodiesel CI engines are approximately 102, 91, and 88 atoms/nm3.
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Experimental investigation of the influence of ethanol and biodiesel on common rail direct injection diesel Engine's combustion and emission characteristics
(2022-11-01)
Wai, Phyo
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Kanokkhanarat, Phobkrit
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Oh, Ban Seok
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Wongpattharaworakul, Veerayut
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Depaiwa, Nattawoot
This study aims to characterize the effect of oxygenated biofuels in diesel engine combustion, thermal efficiency, and emission by blending different percentages of ethanol and biodiesel with fossil fuel derived diesel. In this research, 5% and 10% by weight of bioethanol were added to commercial B10 (10% biodiesel and 90% diesel), B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) and B100 (100% biodiesel) and experimented on using a 3 L four-cylinder common rail diesel engine. The experiment was performed under three engine speeds of 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 2000 rpm with three constant engine torques of 56 Nm, 84 Nm, and 140 Nm. The results show that ethanol-biodiesel-diesel ternary blended fuels are higher in premixed combustion pressure and net heat release rate (NHRR) peaks. The cumulative heat release of ethanol blended fuels is also higher for ethanol blended fuels. The fuel consumption increased with the ethanol and biodiesel percentage in the blended fuels due to the lower heating value while the brake thermal efficiency did not decrease. It was clearly observed that the particle emission could be reduced by more than 50% when ethanol and biodiesel percentage increased.

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