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Author: search.filters.author.Kothan, S.Subject: search.filters.subject.Glass

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    Enhancement of gamma and X-ray shielding behaviors in ZnO-B2O3 glasses via La2O3 addition: Experimental and theoretical investigations
    (2025-12-01)
    Yabsantia, S.
    ;
    Wantana, N.
    ;
    Chusin, T.
    ;
    Kaewjaeng, S.
    ;
    Ornketphon, O.
    Radiation shielding materials are crucial for reducing radiation exposure. Traditional materials such as lead, and concrete pose challenges related to toxicity and lack of transparency. This study aimed to assess the effects of lanthanum oxide (La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>) addition on physical, optical, and radiation shielding properties of ZnO–B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> glass systems. Glass samples of (80-x)B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>–20ZnO-xLa<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> (x = 5–20 mol%) were prepared using the melt-quenching technique and characterized for density, molar volume, refractive index, transmittance and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gamma-ray shielding performance was evaluated using the Compton scattering method with a Cs-137 source and NaI(Tl) detector, alongside theoretical data from WinXCOM. X-ray shielding capabilities were determined through experimental transmission measurements and Monte Carlo simulations (PHITS) across effective energies ranging from 30.40 to 44.21 keV. Increasing La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content (5–20 mol%) resulted in higher density (2.89–3.63 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), slightly increased molar volume (29.37–33.98 cm<sup>3</sup>/mol), and higher refractive index (1.58–1.65). All La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-added glasses exhibited ∼75 % transmittance in the visible region. XRD analysis indicated amorphous characteristics for all samples. For gamma rays, both experimental and theoretical results agreed well, showing improved shielding with higher La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> levels. For lowest gamma-ray energy, the 20 mol% sample had the highest mass attenuation coefficient (μ<inf>m</inf>) of 0.21 cm<sup>2</sup>/g, lowest half value layer (HVL) of 0.89 cm, and shortest mean free path (MFP) of 1.29 cm. For X-rays, PHITS simulations and experiments also aligned, with μ<inf>m</inf> up to 4.21 cm<sup>2</sup>/g (at 30.40 keV), HVL of 0.05 cm, and MFP of 0.07 cm. These findings suggest that La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> addition enhances both gamma and X-ray shielding effectiveness. In conclusion, the study highlights the potential of La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-added ZnO–B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> glass as an alternative shielding material, with future research aimed at further improving its shielding performance.
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    A novel material for radiation detection application of zinc bismuth lithium borotellurite glass doped with Dy2O3
    (2024-12-01)
    Sommat, V.
    ;
    Ornketphon, O.
    ;
    Kaewjaeng, S.
    ;
    Kothan, S.
    ;
    Limsuwan, P.
    Radiation detection glass with the following chemical composition B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>–TeO<inf>2</inf>–Li<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>–Bi<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>–ZnO doped with Dy<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> where x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mol%, was developed for the characterization of physical properties such as density, molar volume (V<inf>m</inf>), and refractive index, optical absorption, luminescence, CIE's diagram, and radiation detection properties. The density and refractive index of glass samples increase with the increase of Dy<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> composition. The optical property of glass shows eight strongest peaks from <sup>6</sup>H<inf>15/2</inf> centering at 263 nm (<sup>4</sup>I<inf>13/2</inf> + <sup>4</sup>F<inf>7/2</inf>), 298 nm (<sup>4</sup>G<inf>11/2</inf>), 357 nm (<sup>4</sup>I<inf>15/2</inf>), 803 nm (<sup>6</sup>F<inf>5/2</inf>), 897 nm (<sup>6</sup>F<inf>7/2</inf>), 1090 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>7/2</inf> + <sup>6</sup>F<inf>9/2</inf>), 1272 nm (<sup>6</sup>F<inf>11/2</inf> + <sup>6</sup>H<inf>9/2</inf>) and 1671 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>11/2</inf>), respectively. The emission peaks are r (<sup>4</sup>F<inf>9/2</inf>), 481 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>15/2</inf>), 575 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>13/2</inf>), 664 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>11/2</inf>), and 751 nm (<sup>6</sup>H<inf>9/2</inf>) under excited at 453 nm (<sup>4</sup>F<inf>9/2</inf>), respectively. The excitation peaks under emission at 575 nm from <sup>6</sup>H<inf>15/2</inf> centering at 350 nm (<sup>6</sup>P<inf>7/2</inf>), 365 nm (<sup>4</sup>P<inf>3/2</inf>), 388 nm (<sup>4</sup>K<inf>17/2</inf>), 425 nm (<sup>4</sup>G<inf>11/2</inf>), 453 nm (<sup>4</sup>I<inf>15/2</inf>), and 471 nm (<sup>4</sup>F<inf>9/2</inf>) respectively. The study of luminescence characteristics, which includes emission, excitation, and CIE diagrams, reveals white emission bands that coincide with the CIE diagram. Furthermore, measuring the parameters of the thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) recorded with a heating rate of 5 °C/s in the temperature up to a maximum of 400 °C yields good results in low dose radiation detection. Based on all the results, it was determined that this glass can be a candidate for radiation detection materials in the future.
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    Fabrication luminescence and radiation shielding properties of Gd2O3–La2O3–ZnO–B2O3–Sm2O3 glasses
    (2023-01-01)
    Kaewjaeng, S.
    ;
    Kothan, S.
    ;
    Wantana, N.
    ;
    Kim, H. J.
    ;
    Rajaramakrishna, R.
    The purpose of developing high transparency radiation shielding materials and luminescence materials with stoichiometric ratio of xGd<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>:10La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>:10ZnO:(79-x) B<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>: 1Sm<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mol% using melt quenching technique. The physio-optical properties such as molar volume, density, concentration of rare-earth ions, polaron radius, inter-ionic radius, optical basicity, average distance between rare-earth ions, and optical packing density of the present glasses has been evaluated. The glass samples obtained show high density which is vital factor for radiation shielding. The absorption spectra show significant of bands Sm<sup>3+</sup> ions. The FTIR results of Gd-La-Zn-B-Sm (Gd-1Sm) glass samples show signature borate BO<inf>3</inf> and BO<inf>4</inf> vibrational units in Gd-1Sm glass samples. The μ, μ<inf>m</inf>, HVL, TVL, and MFP were evaluated and showed that the values decrease with increasing X-ray energy whereas increase with an increase in Gd<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content suggesting their potential use in X-ray diagnosis regions. The HVL value was compared with commercial windows, concrete, Serpentine and X-ray windows and found that the glasses doped with 10 mol%, 15mol%, and 20 mol% Gd<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> content showed better results than X-Ray windows at 10 kVp. The emission and excitation spectra of glass samples were studied and emission spectra show orange emission bands. The experimental lifetime analysis shows that the glass samples show decreasing trend from 1.161 to 1.128 ms with an increase in Gd<sup>3+</sup> ions exhibiting single exponential nature.