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    Item type:Publication,
    Crystal structure, microwave dielectric properties and antenna simulation of low-permittivity Eu2CaMGa4O12(M = Ti, Sn, Zr) garnets
    (2025-12-01)
    Yang, Yang
    ;
    Wang, Zhaohui
    ;
    Qiu, Huizi
    ;
    Fang, Weishuang
    ;
    Tang, Ying
    The rattling of cations plays a vital role in energy loss mechanisms and is a fundamental approach for tuning dielectric performance. In this work, phase-pure garnets with the general formula Eu<inf>2</inf>CaMGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf> (M = Ti, Sn, Zr) were successfully synthesized. The Eu<inf>2</inf>CaZrGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf>, Eu<inf>2</inf>CaSnGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf>, and Eu<inf>2</inf>CaTiGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf> ceramics were obtained through sintering at 1400°C–1500°C for 6 h. The ceramics sintered at 1450°C exhibited favorable microwave dielectric performance with low ε<inf>r</inf> values of 10.74 (for Sn), 12.34 (for Zr) and 13.66 (for Ti), high Q×f values of 83,500 GHz (for Sn), 72,800 GHz (for Zr) and 59,200 GHz (for Ti), as well as negative τ<inf>f</inf> values of −60.60 ppm/°C (for Sn), −57.20 ppm/°C (for Zr) and −48.20 ppm/°C (for Ti). In Eu<inf>2</inf>CaMGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf> (M = Ti, Sn, Zr) ceramics, the “rattling” effect of Eu<sup>3+</sup>and Ga<sup>3+</sup>dominated a slight overall structural expansion, which, in turn, led to the higher ε<inf>r</inf> compared to the theoretical prediction (ε<inf>r(C-M)</inf>) and contributed to the negative τ<inf>f</inf>. The variation in the Q × f values of the ceramics exhibited a negative correlation with the FWHM of the A<inf>1g</inf> Raman mode. Furthermore, due to the ultra-low loss of Eu<inf>2</inf>CaSnGa<inf>4</inf>O<inf>12</inf> ceramic, a dielectric resonator antenna was designed. This demonstrates the promising potential of the ceramics for 5G communication applications.
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    Item type:Publication,
    High-entropy gallium-based garnet microwave dielectric ceramics with low loss for C-band dielectric resonator antenna application
    (2025-11-01)
    Wen, Xinyang
    ;
    Xiang, Huaicheng
    ;
    Gu, Xiaolong
    ;
    Pulphol, Phieraya
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    In this work, (Y<inf>0.5</inf> Nd<inf>0.5</inf> Sm<inf>0.5</inf> Eu<inf>0.5</inf> Ho<inf>0.5</inf> Yb<inf>0.5</inf> )Ga<inf>5</inf> O<inf>12</inf> high-entropy ceramic with a cubic garnet structure was designed and synthesized via a solid-state reaction method. Through the high-entropy regulation of the oxygen dodecahedron, the bond strength increases, the cation's bond valence approaches the ideal value, and the structural stability improves, thereby promoting the Q × f value. Low dielectric loss (Q × f = 130,100 GHz) was obtained in the high-entropy ceramic (Y<inf>0.5</inf> Nd<inf>0.5</inf> Sm<inf>0.5</inf> Eu<inf>0.5</inf> Ho<inf>0.5</inf> Yb<inf>0.5</inf> )Ga<inf>5</inf> O<inf>12</inf> , which exhibited a low relative permittivity (ε<inf>r</inf> ) of 12.36, a negative temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ<inf>f</inf> ) of −66.37 ppm/°C, and a high flexural strength of 229.68 MPa. Furthermore, a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) was designed featuring high radiation efficiency (>90 %) and stable gain (5.91–5.97 dBi) within a 255 MHz bandwidth, showing promising application prospects in the C-band. This work indicates that the high-entropy strategy is feasible for the design of high-performance microwave dielectric ceramics.