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    Item type:Publication,
    Demonstration tests of infrared peeling system with electrical emitters for tomatoes
    (2016-01-01)
    Pan, Zhongli
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    El Mashad, H. M.
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    Li, X.
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    Khir, R.
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    Atungulu, G.
    Infrared (IR) dry-peeling is an emerging technology that could avoid the drawbacks of steam and lye peeling of tomatoes. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the performance of an IR peeling system at two tomato processing plants in California and to compare product quality, peelability, and energy consumption of IR and steam peeling. The system was continuously operated using tomatoes of different sizes and cultivars. High percentages (62% to 85%) of fully peeled tomatoes were obtained and varied depending on tomato cultivar and seasonality. IR dry-peeled tomatoes had a firmer texture than steam and lye peeled tomatoes. IR peeling achieved a peeling loss in the range of 17% to 42%, which was lower than typical loss in the industry. Small tomatoes had higher loss than large tomatoes in the late season. Thermal energy consumption of the proposed technology in full-scale production (10 ton h<sup>-1</sup>) is predicted to be 117.0 and 137.3 MJ ton<sup>-1</sup> for indoor and outdoor operation, respectively. The estimated energy savings of IR dry-peeling should be 22% and 28% compared to lye and steam peeling, respectively. The demonstration results showed that the IR dry-peeling technology could be a viable alternative to lye and steam peeling.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Internet based crossover robot remote control competition among Asian countries
    (2013-01-01)
    Xu, C.
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    Ming, A.
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    Kanamori, C.
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    Aoyama, H.
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    Li, H.
    We introduce an internet based crossover robot remote control competition project that is an international cooperative program based in Japan, China, Thailand, and Taiwan. This competition is an important component of a long-term higher education reform project aiming to develop a practice based innovative educational methodology jointly promoted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology of Japan and the University of Electro-Communications. The competition project includes two subjects: the competition itself and the communication and cooperation between students in two countries. The basic mode of the competition is a locally controlled robot and a remotely controlled robot cooperate with each other to complete some tasks. As a unique feature of the project, the student-student communication and cooperation are increased through a specially designed team organization structure that each team consists of two groups from different universities in different countries and the team members are required to cooperate through the internet to complete the competition. The competition has been successfully held four times and the results show it greatly benefits the students, and is expected to promote the development of the practice based educational methodology in the near future. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Internet based crossover robot remote control competition among Asian countries - Development of practice based innovative education methodology, Phase V
    (2012-10-23)
    Xu, C.
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    Ming, A.
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    Kanamori, C.
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    Aoyama, H.
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    Li, H.
    We introduce 2011's progress and achievements of an internet based crossover robot remote control competition between Japan and China, Thailand, and Taiwan respectively. The competition project has two subjects: the competition itself and the student-student communication and cooperation. The basic competition mode is a remotely controlled robot via the internet cooperates with a locally controlled robot to finish a specified task and, as a unique feature of the project, the studentstudent communication and cooperation is trained through a crossover team organization style that each team is organized by two groups from different universities and the team members required to cooperate with each other via the internet to make robots and deal with competition affairs. Our experience shows the competition benefits not only students' technical skills but also their various no-technical skills and is expected to promote the development of a practice based university education methodology in the future. © 2012 IEEE.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Internet based crossover robot remote control competition among Asian countries - Development of practice based innovative education methodology, phase IV
    (2011-11-17)
    Xu, C.
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    Ming, A.
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    Kanamori, C.
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    Aoyama, H.
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    Li, H.
    We report the up-to-date progress of an internet based crossover robot remote control competition project starting from 2007, which is an international cooperative education program among Japan, China, Thailand, and Taiwan. The project contains two sub-subjects: the robot competition and the student-student cooperation among the participating universities. The competition is designed to be remotely controlling a robot via the internet to cooperate/compete with a locally controlled robot to finish some specified tasks where both robots are made by the students. The unique feature of the project is that everything concerned with the competition, e.g. the competition rules, the detailed technical problems, etc., are discussed and solved by the students themselves via the internet based cooperation. The demonstration of the competition between UEC and each of the partner universities proves the project helps to improve students' practical ability, innovative skills, good teamwork spirit, and communication skills, etc. © 2011 IEEE.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Internet based crossover robot remote control competition among Asian countries: Development of practice based innovative education methodology, phase III
    (2010-11-29)
    Xu, C.
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    Ming, A.
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    Kanamori, C.
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    Aoyama, H.
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    Li, H.
    We report the 3<sup>rd</sup> year's progress of an internet based crossover robot remote control competition which is an international cooperative educational project among Japan, China, Thailand, and Taiwan. In 2009 we proposed a new competition model called "Cargo loading via internet based cooperation" in which a locally controlled humanoid robot and a wheeled mobile robot under remote control cooperate with each other to search for and find some cargos, then load them on the mobile robot or put them into a cargo box. The unique of the project is that everything concerned with the competition, e.g. the competition rules, the detailed technical problems, etc., are discussed and solved by students themselves from different partner universities via the internet based cooperation. The demonstration of the proposed competition between UEC and partner universities proves the project helps to improve students' practical ability, creative thinking, good teamwork spirit, and communication skills in English, etc. © 2010 IEEE.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Internet based crossover robot remote control competition in Asian countries - Development of practice based innovative education methodology, Phase II
    (2009-12-01)
    Xu, C.
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    Ming, A.
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    Kanamori, C.
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    Aoyama, H.
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    Li, H.
    This paper reports the up-to-date progress of an internet based crossover robot remote control competition which is an international cooperation project of VEC of Japan, VESTC of China, KMITL of Thailand, and TKV of Taiwan. We propose a new competition style called "cargo relay transportation by a locally controlled humanoid robot and a remotely controlled robotic vehicle" in which a locally controlled humanoid robot picks up an object from source, walks to a midway area and hands over the object to a robotic vehicle before it moves to destination and put the object into a box under the remote control via the internet. The robots are developed by students via the internet-based collaboration. The demonstration of the proposed competition between UEC and partner universities proves the project has unique benefits to students in term of improving students' practical ability, creative thinking, good teamwork spirit and communication skills in English, etc. ©2009 IEEE.