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Author: search.filters.author.Maluangnont, TosapolSubject: search.filters.subject.Bacterial cellulose

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    A Kirigami-Engineered “Skeletal Framework” Composite for Ultralow Hysteresis and Highly Stable Strain Sensors
    (2025-11-24)
    Pongampai, Satana
    ;
    Chaithaweep, Kanokwan
    ;
    Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
    ;
    Charoonsuk, Thitirat
    ;
    Bongkarn, Theerachai
    Wearable strain sensors are pivotal for next-generation human–machine interfaces, yet achieving high fidelity, robustness, and sustainability in a single platform remains a significant challenge. A primary obstacle is the inherent viscoelasticity of soft materials, which leads to signal drift and hysteresis. Here, we report a highly stretchable and ultrastable strain sensor fabricated through a synergistic integration of Kirigami-based structural engineering and nanocomposite material design. By introducing titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) into a bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix, we create a composite with a unique internal “skeletal framework”. This framework substantially reduces viscoelastic losses, resulting in an exceptionally low hysteresis of 0.6% and ensuring robust performance with 99.4% signal stability over >10 000 cycles. Concurrently, the Kirigami-patterned structure enhances stretchability to ∼235% while the framework amplifies sensitivity 5.8-fold. The practical viability of this high-fidelity sensor is demonstrated through the precise and repeatable control of a robotic arm, where ultralow hysteresis proves more critical than raw sensitivity. The sensor’s eco-friendly, water-based fabrication aligns high-fidelity sensing with sustainable processing, presenting a clear design paradigm for engineering reliable and eco-conscious wearable electronic devices.
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    Towards the preparation of organic ferroelectric composites: fabrication of a gamma-glycine-bacterial cellulose composite via cold sintering process
    (2023-07-01)
    Noisak, Jitrawan
    ;
    Charoonsuk, Thitirat
    ;
    Pongampai, Satana
    ;
    Pinpru, Nattapong
    ;
    Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
    The cold sintering process (CSP) has emerged as a revolutionary technique for low-temperature processing of ceramics and composites, enabling high-density fabrication at low temperatures. In this study, we demonstrated the implementation of CSP in fabricating the γ-glycine (γ-G)-bacterial cellulose (BC) composite and evaluated the effect of sintering temperature and holding time on the microstructure and electrical properties. Our findings revealed that an increase in sintering temperature and holding time leads to grain growth, as the transient solvent (water) facilitates the closely-packed microstructure. Moreover, the addition of BC as a filler into the γ-G matrix leads to a composite with a 10% increase in hardness when BC was uniformly distributed in γ-G. The composite with a relative density of 97% was successfully obtained at 120 °C/24 h, preserving the γ polymorph of glycine without the unwanted transformation commonly observed with traditional sintering. We also reported the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the γ-G-BC composite, exhibiting a remanent polarization of 0.004 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and a coercive field of 1.201 kV/cm. Our findings suggest that CSP is a promising approach for low-temperature processing and fabrication of ceramics, especially when incorporating structurally sensitive filler such as organic ferroelectric, to achieve high-performance composites.