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Bioprospecting of cyanobacteria from Thai karstic caves as potential producers of phenolic compounds with antioxidant capacity
(2026-04-01)
Suphan, Sutthawan
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Kula, Kasinee
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Lomthong, Thanasak
;
Sujarit, Kanaporn
;
Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
Cyanobacteria are highly adaptable microorganisms that can survive in extreme environments. Survival of cyanobacteria in assorted habitats has positively impelled them to produce a range of bioactive compounds, which show a variety of beneficial biological activities. The karstic caves are harsh environments with low light and nutrient input and serve as a unique habitat for exploring cyanobacterial biodiversity as producers of natural products of economic and ecological importance. A total of 86 cyanobacterial strains isolated from 23 karstic caves in four regions of Thailand showed photosynthetic pigments correlated with growth performance and exhibited potential for producing phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant capacity. Based on DPPH scavenging efficiency per unit concentration of crude extract, Leptolyngbya sp. LKK14, Nostoc sp. SW02, and Leptolyngbya sp. LP01 exhibited the superior antioxidant potency. The highest contents of total phenolics (42.10 mgGAE/gCE) and flavonoids (395.90 mgQE/gCE) were found in Leptolyngbya sp. LP01 extract. The presence of phenolic compounds correlated with antioxidant activity; Leptolyngbya sp. LP01 showed the highest antioxidant activity, as measured by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, with respective values of 15.79, 20.87, and 42.69 mgAAE/gCE. Nine phenolic compounds were tentatively identified based on MS/MS fragmentation patterns compared with library data by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS approach, suggesting that the extract of Leptolyngbya sp. LP01 contains valuable biological antioxidants. This study contributes to our current understanding of cyanobacterial biodiversity in poorly studied habitats, particularly in terms of their biotechnological potential as producers of secondary metabolites suitable for application in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Characterization and exploration of biological properties of phycobiliproteins purified from Thai karstic cave cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. SW02
(2023-09-01)
Suphan, Sutthawan
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Limrujiwat, Kittakorn
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Kula, Kasinee
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
;
Raksajit, Wuttinun
Phycobiliproteins are colored water-soluble proteins found in cyanobacteria with potential applications in food and pharmaceuticals. Phycobiliproteins extracted from the Thai karstic cave cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain SW02 were purified, and their biological properties were characterized. Scale-up cultivation for 12 days revealed that maximum biomass and phycobiliproteins producing yield were 1.53 g/L and 31.92%, respectively. After purification, phycoerythrin was obtained as the principal component of phycobiliproteins, with a purity index up to 2.62, sufficient to be considered food and cosmetic grade. Native and SDS-PAGE analysis displayed that purified phycoerythrin and phycocyanin contained the αβ-subunits in hexamer form. Purified phycobiliproteins had a more stable structure and functionality in pH range 5.0–7.0, were resistant to strong oxidizers, and could withstand temperatures up to 60 °C. They also exhibited DPPH scavenging capabilities comparable to standard ascorbic acid. Pathogenic bacterial inhibition (MIC 250 μg/mL) and anticancer activity against the human HeLa cancer cell line (IC<inf>50</inf> 140 μg/mL) were also observed. With these prospective characteristics, phycobiliproteins obtained from Nostoc sp. SW02 have biotechnological value for biomedical research and also as a natural colorant for food and cosmetic applications.
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Photobiohydrogen Production and Strategies for H2 Yield Improvements in Cyanobacteria
(2023-01-01)
Khetkorn, Wanthanee
;
Raksajit, Wuttinun
;
Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
;
Lindblad, Peter
Hydrogen gas (H<inf>2</inf>) is one of the potential future sustainable and clean energy carriers that may substitute the use of fossil resources including fuels since it has a high energy content (heating value of 141.65 MJ/kg) when compared to traditional hydrocarbon fuels [1]. Water is a primary product of combustion being a most significant advantage of H<inf>2</inf> being environmentally friendly with the capacity to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. H<inf>2</inf> is used in various applications. It generates electricity in fuel cells, including applications in transportation, and can be applied as fuel in rocket engines [2]. Moreover, H<inf>2</inf> is an important gas and raw material in many industrial applications. However, the high cost of the H<inf>2</inf> production processes requiring the use of other energy sources is a significant disadvantage. At present, H<inf>2</inf> can be prepared in many conventional ways, such as steam reforming, electrolysis, and biohydrogen production processes. Steam reforming uses high-temperature steam to produce hydrogen gas from fossil resources including natural gas. Electrolysis is an electrolytic process to decompose water molecules into O<inf>2</inf> and H<inf>2</inf>. However, both these two methods are energy-intensive and producing hydrogen from natural gas, which is mostly methane (CH<inf>4</inf>) and in steam reforming generates CO<inf>2</inf> and pollutants as by-products. On the other hand, biological hydrogen production is more environmentally sustainable and less energy intensive than thermochemical and electrochemical processes [3], but most concepts are not yet developed to production scale.

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