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Inspection of bridge failure during construction: A case study of a bridge over a drainage canal
(2025-04-01)
Suksawat, Taweephong
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Ayawanna, Jiratchaya
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Nghia-Nguyen, Trong
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Meetorranee, Thawidej
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Promthong, Boonchom
This paper presents a case study of a bridge failure during construction in an infrastructure development project in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. This highlights the critical role of thorough inspection and early detection of structural failures. The failure, related to foundation-related issues, shows how even minor errors in the construction sequence can lead to significant structural problems. Key steps for evaluating foundation failures are assessing the structure's movement and utilizing an inclinometer to determine ongoing failure. Resistivity surveys, in conjunction with screw driving sounding tests (SDS), were performed to assess soil properties, while the finite element method (FEM) was applied to validate the observed failure behavior. The results show that an inclinometer effectively monitored these structures’ movement. The resistivity surveys proved useful in identifying soil layers in the wide area. Meanwhile, the SDS tests were able to determine the soil's undrained shear strength. FEM simulations provided valuable insights into the behavior of underground structures. Consequently, comprehensive inspections are essential to mitigate foundation failure risks and ensure critical structures’ safety and longevity.
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Soil Parameters at Critical State for Ho Chi Minh Clay
(2025-01-01)
Nghia-Nguyen, Trong
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Uy-Vu, Nguyen Huu
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Chaiyaput, Salisa
Ho Chi Minh City, a major economic hub in Southeast Asia, has witnessed significant growth, with numerous infrastructure projects demanding a thorough understanding of the underlying soil characteristics. However, unlike the extensively studied Bangkok clay, the critical state parameters of Ho Chi Minh clay have not been rigorously explored, despite its significance for geotechnical design. This study presents a novel investigation into the critical state behavior of Ho Chi Minh clay, focusing on its anisotropic properties, which sharply contrast with the isotropic behavior observed in Bangkok clay. Using an extensive series of triaxial tests in compression and extension, this research uncovers the unique stress–strain responses of Ho Chi Minh clay and its implications for construction in the region. The observed anisotropy in Ho Chi Minh clay is attributed to distinct microstructures related to the clay’s mineral composition and depositional history. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative approach, revealing significant differences between the geotechnical properties of Ho Chi Minh and Bangkok clays, and contributing valuable new insights to global geotechnical engineering. By establishing critical state parameters, this research fills a vital gap in understanding the geotechnical behavior of Ho Chi Minh clay, offering essential data for future infrastructure projects in the region.
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An efficient concrete plastic damage model for crack propagation in gravity dams during seismic action
(2024-10-10)
Nghia-Nguyen, Trong
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Thanh Cuong, Le
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Khatir, Samir
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Hoang, Le Minh
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Chaiyaput, Salisa
Purpose: Concrete gravity dams are important structures for flood control and hydraulic power generation, but they can be vulnerable to seismic activity due to ground movements that trigger crack propagation. Design/methodology/approach: To better understand the factors that affect the stability of concrete gravity dams against concrete fracture during earthquakes, a concrete plastic damage model has been utilized with two new expressions to simulate compressive and tensile damage variables. Findings: The findings showed that the crack patterns were strongly influenced by the concrete’s strength. The simulation results led to the proposal of appropriate concrete properties aimed at minimizing damage. These findings, together with the proposed model, offer significant insights that can enhance the safety and stability of concrete gravity dam structures. Originality/value: This study offers a comprehensive analysis of concrete behavior under varying grades and introduces simple and robust expressions for evaluating concrete parameters in plastic damage models. The versatility of these expressions enables accurate simulation of stress-strain curves for different grades, resulting in excellent agreement between model results and experimental findings. The simulation of the Koyna Dam case study demonstrates a similarity in crack patterns with previous simulations and field observations.
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Effect of curing conditions on the strength of soil cement
(2022-06-01)
Chaiyaput, Salisa
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Arwaedo, Nakib
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Kingnoi, Namthip
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Nghia-Nguyen, Trong
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Ayawanna, Jiratchaya
An experimental program was directed to the evaluation of the strength of soil (ball clay)-cement, and soil (soft clay)-cement samples with different curing conditions; tap water, lime-saturated water, plastic wrapping, and open ambient air at 28 days. The compression, and the scanning electron microscopy results were used to describe the effect of curing conditions on the compressive strength of soil-cement samples. The compressive strength of soil-cement samples was ~ 50% that of the plain cement sample. The compressive strength of the soft clay-cement samples was slightly higher than the ball clay-cement samples because of the coarse particles of soft clay containing a high amount of quartz, allowing the water to react with cement powder and increased the strength of soil-cement samples. The tendency of compressive strength development in the soil-cement samples was similar to that of the cement sample. The highest compressive strength was obtained for the lime-saturated water cured samples, suggesting a higher rate of hydration process by the protection of CaCO<inf>3</inf> leaching from cement in the lime water. Thus, the compressive strength in soil-cement samples was enhanced by the binding of cement hydration products between the adjacent soil particles.
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Data-driven approach to solve vertical drain under time-dependent loading
(2021-06-01)
Nghia-Nguyen, Trong
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Kikumoto, Mamoru
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Khatir, Samir
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Chaiyaput, Salisa
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Nguyen-Xuan, H.
Currently, the vertical drain consolidation problem is solved by numerous analytical solutions, such as time-dependent solutions and linear or parabolic radial drainage in the smear zone, and no artificial intelligence (AI) approach has been applied. Thus, in this study, a new hybrid model based on deep neural networks (DNNs), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and genetic algorithms (GAs) is proposed to solve this problem. The DNN can effectively simulate any sophisticated equation, and the PSO and GA can optimize the selected DNN and improve the performance of the prediction model. In the present study, analytical solutions to vertical drains in the literature are incorporated into the DNN—PSO and DNN—GA prediction models with three different radial drainage patterns in the smear zone under time-dependent loading. The verification performed with analytical solutions and measurements from three full-scale embankment tests revealed promising applications of the proposed approach.

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