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Arsenic removal from natural gas condensate using a pulsed sieve plate column and mass transfer efficiency
(2012-02-01)
Chaturabul, Srestha
;
Wannachod, Pharannalak
;
Rojanasiraprapa, Bongkotch
;
Summakasipong, Supat
;
Lothongkum, Anchaleeporn W.
This work applied a pulsed sieve plate column in conjunction with liquid-liquid extraction technique to remove arsenic from natural gas condensate. The relevant parameters, that is the type and concentration of the extractant, pulse velocity, volumetric-flow rate ratio of the condensate to the extractant, operating time, and extraction cycle were investigated. Mass transfer efficiency in terms of the overall height of transfer unit (HTU <inf>oy</inf>cm) and the interfacial area (m 2/m 3) were calculated. The highest percentage of arsenic removal in this study was 94% corresponding to the calculated HTU <inf>oy</inf> of 26 cm and the calculated interfacial area of 118 m 2/m 3 at the optimum conditions: the mixture of the extractant (1 M hydrochloric acid and 20% (v/v) methanol), pulse velocity of 20 mm/s, and volumetric-flow rate ratio of the condensate to the extractant of 1:4. By using continuous operation in the cycle mode, the percentages of arsenic removal were observed at 94, 85, and 80 from the respective 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cycles. The operation was based on the condition that fresh feed was introduced in each cycle while the extractant was reused. © Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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A reaction flux model for extraction of Cu(ii) with LIX84i in HFSLM
(2011-09-01)
Pancharoen, Ura
;
Wongsawa, Thidarut
;
Lothongkum, Anchaleeporn W.
Hollow fiber supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) is a favorable method to extract both valuable compounds and heavy metal pollutants such as chromium, copper, and nickel at a very low concentration. In this work, the extraction of Cu(II) by LIX84I dissolved in kerosene was theoretically and experimentally investigated. A model to estimate the percentage of extraction of copper ions from synthetic water considering the effect of reaction flux in membrane phase of the HFSLM system was studied. H<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> solution was used as the stripping solution. The facilitated transport mechanism of the chemical reaction at the feed-membrane interface was taken into account in the model equations. The percentage of copper ion extraction was plotted against its initial concentration in feed and also feed flow rate. Subsequently, the separation time and separation cycle were determined in accordance with the simulated values of copper ion concentration and the feed flow rate from the model. The modeled results were in good agreement with the experimental data at the average percentage of deviation about 2%. © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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Efficient transport and selective extraction of Cr(VI) from waste pickling solution of the stainless steel-cold rolled plate process using Aliquat 336 via HFSLM
(2009-05-01)
Usapein, Parnuwat
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Lothongkum, Anchaleeporn W.
;
Ramakul, Prakorn
;
Pancharoen, Ura
The selective extraction of Cr(VI) from waste pickling solution of the stainless steel-cold rolled plate process by hydrophobic hollow fiber supported liquid membrane (HFSLM) was investigated. The effects of various parameters- types of organic extractants, i.e., metyl trioctylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336), tri-n-octylamine (TOA), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and the mixture of Aliquat 336 and TBP, concentration of the selected extractant, types of stripping solutions (NaCl and NaOH), pH and concentration of the selected stripping solution, and the operating temperature-were studied. The feed and stripping solutions flowed countercurrently. The results showed that the coexisting contamination in spent pickling solution of Fe(II) and Ni(II) ions had no significant effect on Cr(VI) extraction. Among the extractants used in this study, Aliquat 336 was a specific carrier to attain the highest percentage of Cr(VI) extraction. About 70% extraction was achieved by using 0.11 M Aliquat 336 and 0.5 M NaCl at pH 7. The percentage of stripping slightly increased when the concentration of NaCl increased. In addition, it was found that the operating temperature of 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C had almost no influence on the percentages of extraction and stripping of Cr(VI). The calculated diffusion energy of Cr(VI) extraction was 15.14 kJ/mol. © 2009 Springer.
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Performance of hollow fiber supported liquid membrane on the extraction of mercury(II) ions
(2008-11-01)
Uedee, Ekapong
;
Ramakul, Prakorn
;
Pancharoen, Ura
;
Lothongkum, Anchaleeporn W.
The extraction and recovery or stripping of mercury ions from chloride media using microporous hydrophobic hollow fiber supported liquid membranes (HFSLM) has been studied. Tri-n-octylamine (TOA) dissolved in kerosene was used as an extractant. Sodium hydroxide was used as a stripping solution. The transport system was studied as a function of several variables: the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the feed solution, the concentration of TOA in the liquid membrane, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the stripping solution, the concentration of mercury ions in the feed solution and the flow rates of both feed and stripping solutions. The results indicated that the maximum percentages of the extraction and recovery of mercury ions of 100% and 97% were achieved at the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the feed solution of 0.1 mol/l, the concentration of TOA at 3% v/v, the concentration of sodium hydroxide at 0.5 mol/l and the flow rates of the feed and stripping solutions of 100 ml/min. However, the concentration of mercury ions from 1-100 ppm in the feed solution had no effect on the percentages of extraction and recovery of mercury ions. Thus, these results have identified that the hollow fiber supported liquid membrane process has high efficiency on both the extraction and recovery of mercury (II) ions. Moreover, the mass transfer coefficients of the aqueous phase (k <inf>i</inf> ) and membrane or organic phase (k <inf>m</inf> ) were calculated. The mass transfer coefficients of the aqueous phase and organic phase are 0.42 and 1.67 cm/s, respectively. The mass transfer coefficient of the organic phase is higher than that of the aqueous phase. Therefore, the mass transfer controlling step is the diffusion of the mercury ions through the film layer between the feed solution and the liquid membrane. © 2008 Springer.
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Purely separation of mixture of mercury and arsenic via hollow fiber supported liquid membrane
(2007-09-01)
Sangtumrong, Seewalee
;
Ramakul, Prakom
;
Satayaprasert, Chairit
;
Pancharoen, Ura
;
Lothongkum, Anchaleeporn W.
The separation of mercury(II) and arsenic(III) ions from chloride media has been examined through a hollow fiber supported liquid membrane using tri-n-octylamine (TOA) as an extractant dissolved in toluene. The transport system was studied as a function of several variables: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid feed solutions, the concentration of TOA in the liquid membrane, the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the recovery solutions. According to the system, mercury(II) ions were extracted using TOA by rejecting arsenic (III) ions into raffinate because of the different forms of the mercury(II) and arsenic(III) ions in hydrochloric acid solutions. The maximum percentage of recovery for mercury(II) was 95 %; 100 % selectivity was obtained.

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