KMITL

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Settings

Author: search.filters.author.Pattanakasem, WiwatSubject: search.filters.subject.hysteresis loop

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • Loading...
    Thumbnail Image
    Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    consent settings
    Item type:Publication,
    Classical to Relaxor Ferroelectric Transformation of Lanthanum Modified BaTi0.91Sn0.09O3 Ceramics
    (2023-01-01)
    Pattanakasem, Wiwat
    ;
    Prasertpalichat, Sasipohn
    ;
    Premwichit, Pathit
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Naratip
    ;
    Bongkarn, Theerachai
    Lead-free Ba<inf>1-x</inf>La<inf>x</inf>Ti<inf>0.91</inf>Sn<inf>0.09</inf>O<inf>3</inf> (BLTS) ceramics with x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05, were prepared by the traditional solid-state sintering method with calcination and sintering temperatures of 1200 °C for 2 h and 1400 °C for 4 h, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that all the BLTS ceramics had pure perovskite structures with no detectable impurities. When x = 0 and 0.01, the ceramics exhibited coexisting orthorhombic (O) and tetragonal (T) phases, while the orthorhombic (O), tetragonal (T) and cubic phase (C) were detected in the BLTS ceramics with x = 0.03 and 0.05, which the Rietveld refinement analysis confirmed. Furthermore, increasing x in the BLTS ceramics led to a large decrease in the average grain size (from 45.7 to 0.9 µm). A significant decrease in the remnant polarization (P <inf>r</inf>) accompanied by very slim hysteresis loops were observed for higher La (x ≥ 0.03) levels. This demonstrates that BLTS ceramics transition from classical ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric behavior due to changing occupancy of the A-site to La<sup>3+</sup> from Ba<sup>2+</sup>.