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Improved Dielectric, Magnetic, and Multiferroic Properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.7La0.3(Ti0.7Fe0.3)O3 Ceramics Synthesis by the Solid-State Combustion Technique
(2025-06-01)
Kornphom, Chittakorn
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Somsri, Widchaya
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Prasertpalichat, Sasipohn
;
Thatawong, Bhoowadol
;
Kruea-In, Chatchai
Lead-free (Bi<inf>0.5</inf>Na<inf>0.5</inf>)<inf>0.7</inf>La<inf>0.3</inf>(Ti<inf>0.7</inf>Fe<inf>0.3</inf>)O<inf>3</inf> ceramics (abbreviated as BNLTF) are synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique using glycine as fuel. The effect of the firing temperature (calcined between 700 and 800 °C for 2 h and sintered between at 800 and 900 °C for 2 h) on the phase structure, microstructure, electrical, and magnetic properties is investigated. Pure BNLTF powders are obtained with a calcination temperature of 750 °C for 2 h and the crystal size increases from 47 to 62 nm when the calcination temperature increases from 700 to 800 °C. All sintered BNLTF ceramics show a pure perovskite structure with a rhombohedral phase. The average grain size increases with increasing sintering temperatures. A well-packed microstructure with the highest density (5.98 g cm−3), good dielectric properties at room temperature (ε<inf>r</inf> ≈ 589 and tanδ ≈ 0.572), soft ferroelectric behavior, and excellent magnetic properties (M<inf>s</inf> ≈ 0.091 emu g−1, M<inf>r</inf> ≈ 0.0026 emu g−1) is obtained from the ceramic sintered at 875 °C for 2 h. The multiferroic BNLTF ceramic sintered at 875 °C has a maximum magnetoelectric coupling coefficient (α<inf>E</inf> ≈ 2.08 mV cm−1 Oe−1) when the magnetic field is near 4500 Oe.
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Electric and Magnetic Properties of Bi0.80Ba0.20FeO3-Doped Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 Ceramics Prepared via the Solid-State Combustion Technique
(2023-05-01)
Thawong, Pichittra
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Prasertpalichat, Sasipohn
;
Suriwong, Tawat
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Pinitsoontorn, Supree
;
Vittayakorn, Naratip
Lead-free (1−x)Ba<inf>0.85</inf>Ca<inf>0.15</inf>Ti<inf>0.90</inf>Zr<inf>0.10</inf>O<inf>3</inf>–xBi<inf>0.80</inf>Ba<inf>0.20</inf>FeO<inf>3</inf> [(1−x)BCTZ–xBBF] ceramics, with BBF content (x) between 0 and 0.4, are prepared via the solid-state combustion technique. The effect of BBF content on the phase formation, microstructure, and electric and magnetic properties of BCTZ is studied. From the Rietveld refinement analysis, the BCTZ ceramic shows coexisting orthorhombic and tetragonal phases, with a ratio of 35.4:64.6 and the percentage of the tetragonal phase continuously increases when x increases from 0.02 to 0.1, and becomes purely tetragonal at x ≥ 0.2. When x increases, the average grain size, density, and relative density continuously decrease while the unit cell volume enlarges. The dielectric constant at room temperature (ε<inf>R</inf>) tends to decrease while the dielectric loss at room temperature (tan δ<inf>R</inf>) increases with increased BBF content. For x = 0, a pure BCTZ ceramic, a well-saturated P–E loop is observed with a polarization (P<inf>r</inf>) and coercive field (E<inf>c</inf>) of 8.94 μC cm−2 and 4.06 kV cm−1, respectively. The ferroelectricity drastically decreases with x = 0.02. For x ≥ 0.06, the leakage current increases, which suppresses the ferroelectricity. With no BBF content (x = 0), the ceramic has diamagnetic properties that change to paramagnetic properties with x = 0.02–0.06 and finally to ferromagnetic properties when the BBF increases between 0.10 and 0.40. For x = 0.10–0.40, the remnant magnetization (M<inf>r</inf>) continuously increases.

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