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Author: search.filters.author.Pumnuan, JarongsakSubject: search.filters.subject.Cinnamon

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    Effects of seven plant essential oils on mortalities of chicken lice (Lipeurus caponis l.) adult
    (2020-01-01)
    Pumnuan, Jarongsak
    ;
    Insung, Ammorn
    ;
    Klompanya, Ampon
    Chicken lice (Lipeurus caponis L.) are external parasite of chicken and farmers often use malathion and carbaryl insecticides to control this parasite. However, the use of chemical insecticides may result in direct toxicity to chicken or contamination in chicken meats. Thus, this study investigated the effect of seven plant essential oils (EOs) against adult chicken lice. Contact bioassay was performed by laying 10 adult chicken lice on treated filter paper added with EOs at concentrations of 0 (95% ethanol as a control), 0.079, 0.157, 0.236 and 0.314 μl·cm<sup>-2</sup>. Mortality percentages were observed at 3, 6 and 12 h intervals after the treatments. Clove, cinnamon, turmeric and star anise EOs were able to eliminate the lice completely (100% mortalities) at 12 h exposure which were higher than lemon grass, citronella grass and piper EOs. Clove EO was the most effective oil with LC<inf>50</inf> of 0.132, 0.085 and 0.039 μl·cm<sup>-2</sup> at 3, 6 and 12 h, respectively. Furthermore, clove EO at the 0.157 μl·cm<sup>-2</sup> showed the highest mortalities with LT<inf>50</inf> at 1.438 h. Our study suggests that clove EO could be used as an alternative medicinal insecticide to control chicken lice in farms.
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    Fumigant toxicity of plant essential oils in controlling thrips, Frankliniella schultzei (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and mealybug, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
    (2016-01-01)
    Pumnuan, Jarongsak
    ;
    Insung, Ammorn
    Insecticidal activity of 18 plant essential oils against adults of thrips (Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom)) and larvae of mealybug (Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller) were primarily investigated by using fumigation method. Later, various concentrations of the highly effective essential oils (resulting in more than 80% mortality) were tested. Major constituents in the commonly effective essential oils against both insects were analyzed. Then, fumigant toxicities of the standard chemicals and the selected essential oils were studied and compared. The results showed that the essential oils of clove (Syzygium aromaticum Merr. & L.M. Perry), cinnamon (Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus (Dc.ex. Nees)) showed commonly high fumigant toxicity against the thrips and mealybug with the LC<inf>50</inf> at 1.14-1.48 and 1.12-1.58 μl/L air, respectively. The major chemicals found were eugenol in clove and cinnamon oils (97.100 and 82.054%, respectively) and citral (trans-citral and cis-citral) in lemongrass (69.730%). In general, the essential oil presented higher fumigant toxicity than the standard chemical. Study revealed that a combination of various compounds resulted in synergism and higher insecticidal activity.