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Exploring Factors Affecting Consumer Behavioral Intentions toward Online Food Ordering in Thailand
(2022-07-01)
Inthong, Chidchanok
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Champahom, Thanapong
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Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
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Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, ordering food online has become very popular. This study used a structural equation model to analyze the indicators that influence the decision to order food through a food-delivery platform. The theory of planned behavior and the technology acceptance model were both used, along with a new factor, the task–technology fit (TTF) model, to study platform suitability. Data were collected using a questionnaire given to a group of 1320 consumers. The results showed that attitudes toward on-line delivery most significantly affected the behavioral intentions of the consumers, followed by subjective norms. Among attitudes, perceived ease of use was the most significant, followed by perceived usefulness and trust. The study’s results revealed that TTF had the most significant impact on perceived ease of use, followed by perceived usefulness. This means that, if a food-ordering platform is deemed appropriate, consumers will continue to use it, and business sustainability will be enhanced.
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DESIGNING A TRAPEZOIDAL MODULAR BLOCK WALL WITH NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION
(2022-02-01)
Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Prayongphan, Somchai
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Kongsomboon, Thanadol
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
A rectangular wall is better in terms of stability and ease of calculation than a trapezoidal wall. However, a trapezoidal wall is sometimes inevitable such as a retaining wall construction near rockface. FHWA provides simplified rules to design a trapezoidal wall. However, FHWA does not give an example to follow, and the rules need trial and error to implement. BS8006 gives an exact dimension of the block heights, but designing still needs to adjust the block widths. A 16-meters high modular block wall project near rock face in Thailand as an example to illustrate a calculation detail in external stability checking follow FHWA simplified rules and BS8006. The illustrations are trapezoidal walls with two zones, three zones, and four zones. Nonlinear optimization models are also used to minimize the wall base length to facilitate the construction instead of jacking the near rock face to build a rectangular wall. Optimization models also help to relax FHWA simplified rules and BS8006 guidelines. Using an optimization model can decrease the base length from 0.7H to 0.6H for a rectangular wall or even 0.5H for a rectangular wall with competent foundation soil. Optimization models can also achieve a base length down to 0.48H with a decrease in the cross-sectional area down to 0.92 for a three zones trapezoidal wall. A simple three zones wall with exact dimensions is also proposed in the competent foundation soil conditions.
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ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ON VARYING THE OFFSETS IN SUPERIMPOSED MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH WALLS
(2022-01-01)
Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
Superimposed MSE walls or multi-tier MSE walls are frequently used due to their eye-pleasing, economical, and safety requirements compared with single-tall MSE walls. Designing an MSE wall requires checking the failure modes in its external stability, internal stability, and global stability. Calculating the external stability and global stability for superimposed walls is well explained. Internal stability, however, is more complicated in calculating the additional vertical stress from the upper wall as an equivalent surcharge on the lower wall with its magnitude determined by the offset distance. By varying offset distances, the additional vertical stress can be categorized into three cases. Case 1 is the maximum additional vertical from the upper wall load when the offset distance is less than HLtan(45-φr /2). The additional vertical stress is zero in case 3 where the offset distance is greater than HLtan(90-φr ). In case 2, the additional vertical stress is a hyperbola function that can be calculated easily using the proposed equation σi = [(HL-z1)/(z2-z1)](γHU+q) in Eq. (7) with geometric and algebraic explanations used through a numerical example in designing a superimposed wall.
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Designing gabion structures under multi-criteria objectives with goal programming
(2021-06-01)
Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Kongsomboon, Thanadol
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
Gabion structure is a set of stacked prefabricated cages filled with rocks. These gabion cages are made of steel wire, polypropylene, polyethylene, or nylon. Constructing these gabion cages usually follows supplier guidelines or governmental agency design standards. Designing this gabion structure, at a minimum, must satisfy many design criteria in passing external stability in sliding, overturning, and bearing capacity of the foundation. Good gabion design requires a balance of the toe bearing stress and heel bearing stress. With this requirement for the design of gabion structures to meet multi-criteria objectives, goal programming, which is a multi-criteria optimization technique, is used in this study. A 3-meter gabion example is used as a based design. Then, mixed integer nonlinear programming is introduced to rearrange a set of varying sized gabion cages to minimize the gabion weight and passing external stability criteria. Two goal programming models are introduced to meet the two design criteria in minimizing gabion weight and balancing the vertical stresses. The two goal programming models give the same optimum solution with the minimum weight of 48 kN/m and eccentricity of 0.002 meter. In contrast, the original example gives the weight of 61.92 kN/m and eccentricity of 0.086 meter.
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Applying hierarchical logistic models to compare urban and rural roadway modeling of severity of rear-end vehicular crashes
(2020-06-01)
Champahom, Thanapong
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Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
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Watthanaklang, Duangdao
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Karoonsoontawong, Ampol
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Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
A rear-end crash is a widely studied type of road accident. The road area at the crash scene is a factor that significantly affects the crash severity from rear-end collisions. These road areas may be classified as urban or rural and evince obvious differences such as speed limits, number of intersections, vehicle types, etc. However, no study comparing rear-end crashes occurring in urban and rural areas has yet been conducted. Therefore, the present investigation focused on the comparison of diverse factors affecting the likelihood of rear-end crash severities in the two types of roadways. Additionally, hierarchical logistic models grounded in a spatial basis concept were applied by determining varying parameter estimations with regard to road segments. Additionally, the study compared coefficients with multilevel correlation model and those without multilevel correlation. Four models were established as a result. The data used for the study pertained to rear-end crashes occurring on Thai highways between 2011 and 2015. The results of the data analysis revealed that the model parameters for both urban and rural areas are in the same direction with the larger number of significant parameter values present in the rural rear-end crash model. The significant variables in both the urban and rural road segment models are the seat belt use, and the time of the incident. To conclude, the present study is useful because it provides another perspective of rear-end crashes to encourage policy makers to apply decisions that favor rules that assure safety.
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Modeling user perception of bus service quality: A case study in mauritius
(2020-01-01)
Champahom, Thanapong
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Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
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Karoonsoontawong, Ampol
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Hantanong, Natthaporn
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Beeharry, Roodheer
This paper evaluates the perceived bus service quality by passengers in Mauritius. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to identify the unobserved latent variables relevant to public passenger bus service and reveal the relationships between these latent variables and customer satisfaction. The data were obtained from a customer satisfaction survey collected from 501 participants in Mauritius and three latent variables that described the expected service quality characteristics, namely Vehicle, Management, and Driver. The SEM results revealed that the most significant expectation was the quality of the vehicle that included the cleanliness and vehicle body. The second was driver and crews and the personal attributes of the bus service crew. The third anticipation was the overall management of the service. The findings of this research can provide crucial information for public transport bus operators to enable them not only to retain their current customers but also attract new customers.
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Analysis of Rear-End Crash on Thai Highway: Decision Tree Approach
(2019-01-01)
Champahom, Thanapong
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Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
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Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Karoonsoontawong, Ampol
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
Objective. Among crash types on Thai highways, rear-end crashes have been found to cause the largest number of fatalities. This study aims to find ways to decrease rear-end crashes and fatal rear-end crashes. Methods. Classification and regression tree (CART) was used to analyze the complicated relationship of variables of big data. The analysis was conducted by creating two models: (1) a model which indicates the causes of rear-end crashes by applying Quasi-Induced Exposure to at-fault driver characteristics; (2) a determined model which studies fatal crashes. Results. Predictor variables in the model of at-fault and not-at-fault drivers found that driver age is most significant, followed by number of lanes and median opening area. For the mode of fatality, the use of safety equipment was found to be of most importance. Conclusion. The model results can be used to develop guidelines for public awareness programs for motorists and to propose policy changes to the Department of Highway in order to reduce the severity of rear-end crashes. Moreover, this paper discusses the variables that may result in both the perspective of rear-end crash number and the fatality rate of rear-end crashes as strategies in future research.
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Measuring the motivation to ride bicycles for tourism through a comparison of tourist attractions
(2016-11-01)
Watthanaklang, Duangdao
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Ratanavaraha, Vatanavongs
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Chatpattananan, Vuttichai
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Jomnonkwao, Sajjakaj
In Thailand, supporting bicycle riding is regarded as an essential strategy. Many organizations are developing campaigns and activities to promote bicycle riding. However, most Thai people do not enjoy riding bicycles. Thus, this study aims to understand the motivational components and compare the different motivations for bicycle riding in various areas using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Six factors were considered: self-development, contemplation, exploration, physical challenge, stimulus seeking, and social interaction. The samples used in this study were 798 Thai tourists. The results of the second-order CFA indicate that six factors indicated motivation to ride bicycles at these tourist attractions at a statistical significance of 0.01. Moreover, the invariance analysis of the model parameters for the two areas through chi-square difference testing shows that factor loadings, intercepts, and the structural path have different values for tourist attractions in the mountains and those by the sea at a statistical significance of 0.01. Thus, models for tourist attractions in the mountain and those by the sea should be developed separately to determine suitable policies for these areas. Consequently, the government sectors and other involved organizations should use these indicators to develop more precise and suitable policies to promote bicycle riding for targeted groups. The CFA loadings obtained from this study can be used for ranking the priority of improving motivation for riding bicycles. Regarding mountain tourist attractions, contemplation was the factor having maximum CFA loading (β=0.935), followed by exploration (β=0.900). For sea tourist attractions, contemplation was the factor having the highest CFA loadings equal 0.992 followed by stimulus seeking (β=0.937).

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