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Insights into the influence of biomass feedstock type, particle size and feeding rate on thermochemical performances of a continuous solar gasification reactor
(2019-01-01)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
;
Rodat, Sylvain
The solar-driven steam gasification of different lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks was experimentally investigated with a 1.5 kW<inf>th</inf> continuously particle-fed solar reactor at high temperature using real high-flux solar radiation provided by a parabolic dish concentrator. Experiments were carried out with five carbonaceous materials under different biomass feeding rates in the range of 0.8–2.7 g/min at 1300 °C in order to optimize the synthesis gas production and composition. Increasing biomass feeding rate (at constant slightly over-stoichiometric steam/biomass ratio) noticeably promoted the syngas yields that reached up to 83.2 mmol/g<inf>biomass</inf>. The syngas yield (especially H<inf>2</inf>) was more affected by the biomass feedstock (chemical composition) than by the particle size in the considered range (0.3–4 mm). The calorific value of the biomass was solar upgraded up to 24% through the syngas produced with a carbon conversion above 90%, thereby accomplishing efficient solar energy storage into the produced syngas. Increasing the biomass feeding rate inherently shortened the solar processing duration (for a given biomass amount). Thus, the solar energy input and the heat losses were reduced while the overall syngas production capacity was increased, which in turn drastically enhanced both the thermochemical reactor efficiency and the solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency with maximum values typically beyond 25%.
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Comprehensive performance assessment of a continuous solar-driven biomass gasifier
(2018-12-15)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
;
Rodat, Sylvain
The experimental performance assessment of a continuous solar-driven biomass gasifier using real high-flux concentrated solar radiation as the source of process heat has been performed. A comprehensive parametric study considering different lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks (wood type), biomass feeding rates (0.6–2.7 g/min), steam/biomass molar ratios (1.6–2.8), carrier gas flow rates (2–3.3 Nl/min) and reaction temperatures (1100–1300 °C) was conducted for optimizing the syngas production capacity and evaluating the gasification performances. Different wood biomass feedstocks were continuously fed as particles and gasified with H<inf>2</inf>O for producing syngas, thus successfully demonstrating the reliability of the reactor that was operated compatibly with different particle sizes and shapes. A small excess of water with respect to stoichiometry was beneficial for biomass gasification regarding the increase of H<inf>2</inf> and CO and the decrease of CH<inf>4</inf>, CO<inf>2</inf> and C<inf>2</inf>H<inf>m</inf> production. An increase in the gas residence time resulted in the improvement of the syngas yields and quality. Significant enhancement of syngas yields and production rates through the rise of operating temperature was highlighted with activation energy in the range of 24–29 kJ/mol. Increasing biomass feeding rate improved the syngas yields and gasification rates, enabling efficient solar energy storage into syngas and enhancing the energy upgrade factor (U) above 1.20, the solar-to-fuel energy conversion efficiency (η<inf>solar-to-fuel</inf>) above 29% and the thermochemical reactor efficiency (η<inf>reactor</inf>) above 27%.
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Experimental analysis of continuous steam gasification of wood biomass for syngas production in a high-temperature particle-fed solar reactor
(2018-03-01)
Chuayboon, Srirat
;
Abanades, Stéphane
;
Rodat, Sylvain
Solar steam gasification of beech wood biomass has been performed in a novel high-temperature continuously-fed solar reactor for the thermochemical conversion of low-grade carbonaceous feedstock into transportable and storable gaseous fuels (syngas). The 1.5 kW<inf>th</inf> cavity-type solar reactor was operated in the temperature range of 1100–1300 °C. Large wood biomass particles (3–5 mm size) were continuously fed and gasified with the oxidizing agent to produce syngas, thus demonstrating the reactor suitability for large particle size processing. Operating parameters were varied in order to optimize the syngas production. The effect of steam flow-rate, carrier gas flow-rate, temperature, and biomass feeding rate on the syngas yield and reactor performances was experimentally investigated. The increase of steam flow-rate favored H<inf>2</inf>, CO<inf>2</inf> and CH<inf>4</inf> and reduced CO production. A noteworthy increase of the syngas yield with the temperature was highlighted, while the increase of carrier gas flow-rate was detrimental to the amount of syngas produced because of lowered gas residence time. The increase of biomass feeding rate (in the range of 0.8–1.8 g/min) showed noteworthy impact on the syngas composition without affecting the reactor performance, yielding high-quality syngas with a carbon conversion rate above 80%, while the total syngas yield was stable at about 70 mmol/g<inf>biomass</inf>.

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