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Author: search.filters.author.Rudradawong, ChalermpolSubject: search.filters.subject.Flexible thermoelectric

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    Tuning the thermoelectric performance of flexible copper selenide thin films through sputtering pressure and hybrid microwave annealing
    (2025-10-10)
    Khuncharoen, Wasan
    ;
    Theekhasuk, Nattharika
    ;
    Rudradawong, Chalermpol
    ;
    Voraud, Athorn
    ;
    Sakdanuphab, Rachsak
    Flexible copper selenide (Cu₂₋ₓSe) thin films were deposited on polyimide substrates by direct current magnetron sputtering under varying pressures (0.8–4.0 × 10⁻² mbar) and subsequently annealed using hybrid microwave irradiation at 250 °C for 10–30 min. Increasing sputtering pressure raised the copper content (62.2–63.8 at%) and suppressed the formation of Cu₃Se₂ impurities. Hybrid microwave annealing promoted the transformation to stoichiometric β-Cu₂Se, removed oxide phases such as selenium dioxide and copper oxide, and improved crystallinity, as confirmed by x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed microstructural densification at 10–20 min, whereas 30 min induced cracks and porosity that degraded transport properties. The optimized 20-minute annealed film achieved a peak power factor of 81.5 × 10⁻⁵ W/m·K² at 300 °C—over 130 times higher than that of the as-deposited film and comparable to other flexible Cu₂Se systems. Stability tests confirmed excellent retention after three months of ambient storage. These results establish sputtering pressure control and hybrid microwave annealing as scalable strategies for high-performance, stable Cu₂Se thermoelectric films.
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    Optimizing fabrication processes for scalable production of flexible thermoelectric modules: A case study on self-powered IoT systems
    (2025-09-01)
    Gobpant, Jakrit
    ;
    Klongratog, Bhanupol
    ;
    Rudradawong, Chalermpol
    ;
    Sakdanuphab, Rachsak
    ;
    Limsuwan, Pichet
    This study explores the optimization of fabrication processes for flexible thermoelectric generators (FTEGs) to enhance their performance and scalability for industrial applications, with a focus on integrating them into self-powered Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The research investigates the impact of silicone layer thickness and applied fabrication pressures on the mechanical stability, energy harvesting efficiency, and power output of FTEGs. Results demonstrate that reducing the thermal conductivity of the silicone filler and optimizing the fabrication pressure significantly improves the performance of FTE modules. The optimized FTEGs, featuring a series-parallel configuration, achieve a power density of 5.2 mW/cm² under a temperature difference of 50 °C, surpassing prior benchmarks. The developed system efficiently harvests waste heat, charges a battery, and powers an IoT module for real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and carbon monoxide levels. These findings highlight the potential of FTEGs as a sustainable solution for energy harvesting and self-powered industrial monitoring applications.