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Facile engineering of the 2D flaky structured bismuth yttrium oxide for the electrochemical detection of carbofuran in staple food samples
(2025-12-01)
Agalya, Mahalingam
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Meenakshi, Ganesh Abinaya
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Sakthinathan, Subramanian
;
Nataraj, Nandini
;
Chiu, Te Wei
The detection of carbofuran (CBF), a highly toxic pesticide, is essential for safeguarding environmental and agricultural systems. In this study, bismuth yttrium oxide (BYO) was synthesized as a new sensor material and employed for the electrochemical monitoring of CBF. Comprehensive characterization using physicochemical analysis revealed a flaky, irregular plate-like morphology with a significant surface area and numerous active sites, contributing to its excellent electrocatalytic properties. Electrochemical techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), were utilized to assess the material's performance. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed a low charge transfer resistance (R<inf>ct</inf>) of 37 Ω, signifying effective electron transfer at the electrode interface. The BYO-modified glassy carbon electrode (BYO/GCE) demonstrated an outstanding sensitivity of 8.9 μA μM−1 cm−2, with a dynamic linear range of 0.09 to 1179.34 μM for CBF in 0.01 M phosphate-buffered solution with pH about 7.0. It achieved an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0048 μM (4.8 nM) and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.016 μM. The sensor's practical applicability was validated through the successful detection of CBF in spiked agricultural crop samples, underscoring its potential for real-world environmental and food safety monitoring. This work introduces BYO as a novel and highly effective material for electrochemical sensing, offering an innovative approach to pesticide detection in agricultural applications.
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A Review of Thin-Film Growth, Properties, Applications, and Future Prospects
(2025-02-01)
Sakthinathan, Subramanian
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Meenakshi, Ganesh Abinaya
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Vinothini, Sivaramakrishnan
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Yu, Chung Lun
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Chen, Ching Lung
This review article’s primary aim is to discuss different thin-film deposition technique methods and their important uses. The histories of thin-film technology, thin-film growth, thin-film classification, and thin-film preparation techniques are also covered in this review article. The preparation and characterization of functional thin films and nanostructured materials, as well as various devices based on these materials and recent developments are also focused on in this review. The properties of the materials and several thin-film deposition techniques are also covered in this article. This review article also discusses the classification and application of thin-film sensors. Furthermore, the formation of thin films and their physical properties are impacted by deposition conditions such as pH, temperature, deposition time, and deposition parameters, which are analyzed. This article discusses how a wide range of potential uses in structural, mechanical, and protective coatings; sensing; energy storage systems; catalysis; optoelectronics; and biomedicine are made possible by the special qualities of thin films and nanostructured materials, including their high surface area to volume ratio, structure, surface charge, anisotropic nature, and tunable functionalities.
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CuFe2O4 Nanofiber Incorporated with a Three-Dimensional Graphene Sheet Composite Electrode for Supercapacitor and Electrochemical Sensor Application
(2024-06-01)
Vinothini, Sivaramakrishnan
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Keyan, Arjunan Karthi
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Sakthinathan, Subramanian
;
Chiu, Te Wei
;
Vittayakorn, Naratip
The demand for regenerative energy and electric automotive applications has grown in recent decades. Supercapacitors have multiple applications in consumer alternative electronic products due to their excellent energy density, rapid charge/discharge time, and safety. CuFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>-incorporated three-dimensional graphene sheet (3DGS) nanocomposites were studied by different characterization studies such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical studies were based on cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. As prepared, 3DGS/CuFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanocomposites exhibited an excellent surface area, high energy storage with appreciable durability, and excellent electrocatalysis properties. A supercapacitor with 3DGS/CuFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>-coated nickel foam (NF) electrodes exhibited an excellent specific capacitance of 488.98 Fg−1, a higher current density, as well as a higher power density. After charge–discharge cycles in a 2.0 M KOH aqueous electrolyte solution, the 3DGS/CuFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>/NF electrodes exhibited an outstanding cyclic stability of roughly 95% at 10 Ag−1, indicating that the prepared nanocomposites could have the potential for energy storage applications. Moreover, the 3DGS/CuFe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> electrode exhibited an excellent electrochemical detection of chloramphenicol with a detection limit of 0.5 µM, linear range of 5–400 µM, and electrode sensitivity of 3.7478 µA µM−1 cm−2.

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