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Author: search.filters.author.Sano, NoriakiSubject: search.filters.subject.Cotton fiber

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    Capacitive performance of binder-free carbon/carbon composite cryogels
    (2013-01-01)
    Kraiwattanawong, Kriangsak
    ;
    Sano, Noriaki
    ;
    Tamon, Hajime
    A carbon/carbon (C/C) composite cryogel was prepared by pouring a resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) sol into vials containing cotton fibers, followed by solvent exchange with t-butanol, freeze drying and pyrolysis under inert atmosphere. The porous properties of C/C composites were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption, and their mesopore texture was observed by a scanning electron microscope. The capacitive performance of C/C composites was also analyzed by galvanostatic charge/discharge method and cyclic voltammetry. The results demonstrate that the capacitance can be increased with the increase of amount of cotton fibers added to C/C composites, because the broader micropore size distribution and the carbon tunnels of C/C composites promote the charge propagation inside the pore structure. The suitable pore texture and the carbon tunnels can play the crucial role relevant to the high surface area in order to obtain the high capacitance value. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Carbon tunnels formed in carbon/carbon composite cryogels
    (2012-05-01)
    Kraiwattanawong, Kriangsak
    ;
    Sano, Noriaki
    ;
    Tamon, Hajime
    A carbon/carbon (C/C) composite cryogel was prepared by putting almost the maximum content of cotton fibers in vials and then filling them with resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) sols, followed by solvent exchange with t-butanol, freeze drying and pyrolysis under inert atmosphere. The mesopore structure of C/C composite cryogels was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and their porous structures were characterized by nitrogen adsorption and mercury porosimetry. The SEM images confirm that the C/C composite cryogels, being heterogeneous carbon materials, possess ordinary carbon cryogels and carbon tunnels. Here, the tunnels are comprised of (i) carbon fibers, (ii) spaces between carbon fibers and nanoporous carbon spheres, (iii) nanoporous carbon spheres with surrounding nanocages, and (iv) dense ring structures. The formation model of carbon tunnels is also proposed. The porous properties of cryogels could be changed by the cotton fiber addition and the synthesis conditions. The results support that the synthesis condition of RF sol determines the porous properties of C/C composite cryogels. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.