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Author: search.filters.author.Schreyer, Lynn

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    Effects of Cilia Movement on Fluid Velocity: I Model of Fluid Flow due to a Moving Solid in a Porous Media Framework
    (2021-01-01)
    Wuttanachamsri, Kanognudge
    ;
    Schreyer, Lynn
    Cilia, hair-like, organelles that are found in the respiratory tract (nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, and bronchi) rhythmically beat to clear mucus from the airways. Here, we formulate a novel model of fluid flow due to the movement of cilia, and in the companion paper, Part II, the model is numerically solved under simplifying assumptions using physical data from lung bronchi. The model is based on a porous media model, modified so that instead of fluid moving through a solid porous structure, the solid moves the fluid. Two macroscale regions are considered: a porous medium and a free-fluid domain. We use hybrid mixture theory to derive the governing equations so that we have a broader understanding of the assumptions used to obtain the model. The resulting model is the classical Brinkman Stokes equations generalized to account for the movement of the cilia. The model can be used as a prototype to determine the movement of fluid due to the given movement of a solid component of a porous material.
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    Effects of Cilia Movement on Fluid Velocity: II Numerical Solutions Over a Fixed Domain
    (2020-09-01)
    Wuttanachamsri, Kanognudge
    ;
    Schreyer, Lynn
    Cilia are hair-like structures that move in unison with the purpose of propelling fluid. They are found, for example, in the human bronchiole respiratory system and molluscs. Here, we validate a novel model of fluid flow due to the movement of cilia in a fixed computational domain. We consider two domains, a porous medium and a free-fluid domain and numerically solve the Stokes–Brinkman system of equations where the cilia geometry and velocity are input and the velocity of fluid due to the movement of cilia is determined. The cilia velocities and geometry are approximated using human lung cilia experimental data available in the literature. We use a mixed finite element method of Taylor-Hood type to calculate the fluid velocities in a three-dimensional domain. The results are validated in a simple case by comparison with an exact solution with good agreement. This problem can be used as a benchmark for the movement of fluid phases due to the self-propelled movement of a solid phase in a porous medium.