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Author: search.filters.author.Somnuek, S.Has files: No

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    In vitro assessment of crude extract from Gomphrena weed (Gomphrena celosioides Mart.) for control of plant pathogenic fungi causing chili diseases
    (2023-03-01)
    Apithanasakulngeon, P.
    ;
    Somnuek, S.
    ;
    Kongtragoul, P.
    ;
    Jaenaksorn, T.
    The phytochemical screening of both the flowers and other aerial parts of the Gomphrena weed extract (Gomphrena celosioides Mart.) presented alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics/tannins, and terpenoids. The extracts from both parts at 80, 160, and 240 mg/ml were significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides and Fusarium sp. compared to inoculated control by paper disc diffusion. The extract from both parts of the Gomphrena weed at the highest concentration (160 mg/ml) significantly showed the greatest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Sclerotium sp. (100 percent), followed by C. gloeosporioides (82.5 percent), Cercospora sp. (41.16 percent), and Fusarium sp. (24.41 percent) when tested using the poisoned food technique. The spore germination test revealed both parts of the weed extract yielded concentrations which were completely inhibited (100 percent) on the spore germination of C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, and Fusarium sp.
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    Fungicide resistance of Phytophthora palmivora causing durian diseases in eastern and southern Thailand and the in vitro alternative control by cajeput leaf extracts
    (2023-03-01)
    Somnuek, S.
    ;
    Kongtragoul, P.
    ;
    Jaenaksorn, T.
    The results showed that 24 and 25 of 40 collected isolates of Phytophthora palmivora were resistant to metalaxyl and mancozeb, respectively with the 50% effective concentration (EC<inf>50</inf>) higher than 100 mg/L. Meanwhile, all isolates were resistant to fosetyl-al with EC<inf>50</inf> higher than 1000 mg/L. Moreover, mapping between the survey areas and all Phytophthora isolates with the resistant levels to the 3 tested fungicides was depicted. Interestingly, 20 of 40 isolates showed multiple fungicide resistance to all tested fungicides with different modes of action, thereby selecting for the in vitro evaluation of the cajeput extract effect. Lower than expected, only 9 out of 20 multiple fungicide resistance isolates were shown to be significantly sensitive to the 10000, 20000 and 40000 ppm of cajeput extract based on paper disc assay.
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    In vitro effect of Callistemon viminalis and Melaleuca cajuputi ethanolic extracts as botanical fungicide and insecticide
    (2021-11-01)
    Somnuek, S.
    ;
    Thipmanee, K.
    ;
    Jaenaksorn, T.
    Effect of ethanolic extracts of Callistemon viminalis (EECV) and Melaleuca cajuputi (EEMC) leaves was evaluated in laboratory against plant pathogenic fungus (Alternaria sp.) and plant insect pests (Aphis craccivora and Phenacoccus manihoti). Regarding the study on botanical fungicide, the combined formulas of EECV and EEMC (5000 ppm) in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 were tested on mycelial growth and spore germination of tested fungus. The results revealed that all tested formulas of plant extracts gave significant inhibition on mycelial growth and spore germination in the ranges of 27.5-92.7% and 75-100%, respectively. However, the EEMC itself was unexpectedly found highly effective than the combined formulas. In the case of insecticidal activity, the preliminary experiment of EECV and EEMC (2000, 10000 and 20000 ppm) was performed on aphid and mealybug. The result presented that all concentrations of EECV and EEMC significantly showed the mortality effect on aphid and mealybug about 5-100%. In addition, the EECV and EEMC at 2000 and 10000 ppm showed a repellency of about 5-55%. Then, both plant extracts at 2500, 5000, 10000 and 20000 ppm concentrations were tested to those insects. The 100% mortality of aphid and mealybug was found in the highest concentration of EECV and EEMC while 2500-10000 ppm concentrations showed in the range of 38-98%. The 100% repellency capacity was observed at 10000 ppm concentration. Therefore, two Myrtaceae ethanolic extracts are promising to be used as a natural pesticide in controlling Alternaria and insect pests in laboratory.