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Ozonation effectiveness on the mitigation of airborne microorganisms and particulate matter for enhanced indoor air quality
(2026-01-01)
Yooyen, Soemsak
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Pohsa, Akrom
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Hayeema, Asmin
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Fuengfung, Jakkarin
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Sookpordee, Pilun
The efficacy of gaseous ozonation in eliminating indoor air pollutants has been investigated to improve indoor air quality. The ozone generator was operated until the air conditioning room attained ozone concentrations of 25, 50 and 75 ppm for 15 minutes. Rooms exposed to all ozone concentrations were efficacious in eradicating microorganisms and particulate matter (PM) within the air-conditioned room, with the level of elimination contingent upon the ozone concentration and duration of the test. Among these investigations, the 75 ppm ozone condition was the most efficacious in diminishing room microbe numbers. Ozone gas activity exerted a more pronounced effect on diminishing the number of PM. PMs within the 1.0–5.0 µm range were 75%–90% eliminated following the attainment of ozone levels of 75 ppm. This inquiry suggests that pre-treatment of the air with ozone can improve the indoor air quality and make it safer for occupants.
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Sustainable Waste Management Improves the Quality of Industrial RDF Production and Benefits the Environments
(2025-09-03)
Sumethchotimetha, Rapepat
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Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
Waste management significantly influences environmental conditions and living standards. This research examined raw material wastes derived from different waste managements: pre-treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) and landfill solid waste (LSW) recovery, along with their potential effects on the quality of refuse-derived fuel (RDF), to determine an appropriate management system. Waste samples from the Eastern region of Thailand were gathered and categorized according to their source and quality. The two sample groups exhibited similarities in waste classification but differed in quantity of waste components. MSW displayed a slightly elevated average moisture and contaminant level relative to LSW. MSW had a larger fraction of soft plastics (58.78% w/w) compared to recycled landfill waste (36.55% w/w). Hard plastics represented a minor segment in both categories, yet their quantity in recycled landfill waste exceeded that in household waste by over onefold. Notably, LSW generally demonstrated superior quality compared to MSW. Both sources of solid waste were processed for RDF production in industrial operations. The RDF3 produced from the process represented 45-55% of the input raw material. The average heating value (HHV/GCV) of the RDF3 was ascertained to be 4786.90±144.10 kcal/kg. These RDF3 exhibited an average moisture content of 26.20±1.65%. The average chlorine content recorded throughout the experiment was 0.79±0.23%. Raw materials from both origins are essential for maintaining industrial production processes. RDF facility performance, when optimized, can contribute to landfill space minimization and environmental pollution mitigation. Effective management of raw materials and waste segregation provides a viable alternative fuel source for domestic industries.
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Property Comparison of Different Standard Wood Pallets for Possible Local Sourcing
(2025-01-02)
Manitayakul, Chutima
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Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
The global expansion of freight transport across business types has impacted supply chain logistics in terms of coordinating the storage and delivery of goods and services across the supply chain. Wooden pallets are in high demand due to their price and environmental impact; however, the wood raw materials needed for making pallets are in short supply. This research was aimed at analyzing the possibility of using local wood instead of imported wood in the production of standard industrial pallets. Industrial pallets were designed using local acacia wood to replace some or all of the imported Radiata pine. This local acacia wood was utilized to prepare and construct pallets of the standard dimensions that were in accordance with the designs. Pallets made from the same type of wood and mixed woods were heat treated to meet the criteria of the ISPM 15 protocol for export. Flat pallet testing was conducted in accordance with industrial standards for the evaluation of the finished products. All types of pallets, including pallets containing local wood components, showed no visible damage during drop tests and compression strength assessments. However, the variability in diagonal span rates was influenced by the wood used in the fabrication process. Pallets frabricated from both partial and full acacia wood exhibited increased bending rates of 2081 and 2650 MPa, respectively, due to the higher levels of cellulose and lignin found in acacia wood. Our research suggests that there is an opportunity to manufacture standard pallets using locally sustainable wood resources, with some modifications to current industrial processes required.
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Novel Hybrid Spun Silk Yarn Developed from Eri and Mulberry Silks Under Industrial Level and Its Characterizations
(2025-01-01)
Kewcharoenwong, Preetanat
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Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
To develop a novel hybrid spun silk yarn, the silk fibers have been analyzed in depth. This research aims to characterize the Mulberry and Eri silk fibers. The morphology of a single silk fiber was examined with an optical microscope and FESEM. The result of single-silk fiber properties showed that, Mulberry and Eri fibers have similar tensile strength (4.71 ± 0.98 and 4.93 ± 0.79 gram-force, respectively) but different in elongation percentage (13.43 ± 3.67 and 23.78 ± 4.90, respectively). Mulberry silk fibers are small, dense, compact, and non-porous, as for the Eri silk fibers, they are large, loose, and porous. Mulberry silk fibers have a smoother surface compared to Eri silk fibers. Mulberry and Eri silk fibers in different ratios were spun into silk yarn on an industrial scale, leading to the development of single and hybrid spun silk yarns. Under controlled yarn count and twist conditions, the hybrid silk yarns have an average tensile strength between that of single silk yarn. Adding more than 50% Mulberry silk fibers to spun silk yarn significantly reduced the percentage of yarn elongation. The synergistic effects of strength and elongation observed in Mulberry and Eri silk have resulted in novel yarns with new properties that can be applied in various textile industries.
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Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in nutrient solution for enhancement of power density generated from plant fuel cell
(2021-09-15)
Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
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Siri, Saranrat
Plants have ability to convert solar energy into chemical energy in photosynthetic process to produce their own food. Under this process, chlorophyll molecules in plant cell are excited and cascade transferring a high energy electron to the accepters, therefore the electrical currents are generated in this plant system. This current is thinking as the alternative power resources in the future. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is widely used in photocatalysis in semiconductors because of large bandgap polymorphs of this particles. This substance enhances an absorbing light of different wavelengths owing to their electronic structure. In this experiment, TiO2 nanoparticles are added up into different concentrations of nutrient solution under plant fuel cell system, in order to study the generation of electric power. The cathode and anode electrodes, in the system were zinc steel and polypropylene mixed with CNTs. Electrical potentials and currents of plant fuel cell system with TiO2 are detected and recorded in comparison to that of system without TiO2. Plant fuel cell system, adding TiO2 nanoparticles enhances the current density and voltage in comparison to the non TiO2 system, depending on the concentration of nutrient solution medium and detection time. TiO2 nanoparticle adding in liquid nutrient of plant fuel cell enhance the electric power density, because this particle may improve an absorption of light radiation. The process may increase the oxidation of water and soluble nutrients which escalate the level of total ionic charges in the fuel system. The charges were separated and transferred to the specific electrodes that will be affected on power density generating from the fuel cell system.
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Plant physiological impacts and flavonoid metabolic responses to uptake TiO2 nanoparticles
(2020-04-01)
Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
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Chayaprasert, Wilailack
The presence of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<inf>2</inf> NPs) contamination in the environment is of concern because of their oxidative effect on organisms. Transgenic tobaccos that overexpressed PAP1, a MYB75 gene, were used to investigate the response of plants to the presence of TiO<inf>2</inf> NPs and the results were compared to those for wild type (WT) plants. The experiment was performed under tissue culture conditions with daylight fluorescence. The physiological responses of the plants under moderately low concentrations of TiO<inf>2</inf> NPs (20-40 mg L-1) were analyzed in relation to metabolic responses and the results were compared to those of plants under zero TiO<inf>2</inf> conditions. Under conditions of 20 mg L-1 TiO<inf>2</inf>, WT and PAP1 plants showed better physiology than plants under other conditions. These plants had higher chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, and better membrane stability than plants under non TiO<inf>2</inf> conditions. The WT plants grown in medium at 40 mg L-1 TiO<inf>2</inf> showed deteriorated physiology, while PAP1 plants grown under the same condition were shown various changes in physiology depending on the line. Moreover, the content of total soluble sugar (TSS) and flavonoids in the extracts of plant were increased in response to the concentrations of TiO<inf>2</inf>. However, all PAP1 transgenics had flavone and flavonol contents that were approximately 2-3 times the levels found in WT plants, while TSS and anthocyanin subgroup levels were not different among the WT and transgenic plants. Excessive nanoparticles can induce oxidative damage in cells, and it appears that PAP1 transgenics can alleviate such damage by enhancing flavonoid accumulation.

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