KMITL

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/1

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Chaetomium: Goldmine for Sustainable Agriculture
(2026-01-01)
Soytong, Kasem
;
Song, Jiaojiao
Chaetomium species are saprophytic fungi that are valuable resources for sustainable agriculture. It is found all over the world because it is durable and survives in living organisms in different climates. Chaetomium species are mostly ascomycete saprophytic fungi that survive well under stressful environmental conditions. This area has become one of the gold mines for sustainable agricultural production to maintain a balanced ecological system. The specific, potent isolates of Chaetomium were found to protect economic plants through disease, insect, and nematode control and to strongly produce cellulase to degrade organic materials in the fermentation process to increase soil nutrient fertility. All the discovered strains are recommended for acute and dermal toxicity, screening for agrochemical resistance and durability in different climates, including acidic or alkaline conditions, and growing in a wide range of temperature regimes. Research has revealed that Chaetomium species can be developed as biological fungicides, biological insecticides, biological nematicides, and natural active metabolites for plant disease control as well as biosensors for soil revitalization. These bioproducts can be used for sustainable agricultural development and maintain biological diversity in surrounding environments. Research on microbial products of Chaetomium species and other fungi for plant disease control has been conducted since 1989. After several years, 22 effective strains of Chaetomium were discovered and patented as broad-spectrum microbial fungicides, noted as Patent No. 6266, International Code: AO 1 N 25/12, and then registered as Ketomium® microbial fungicides in Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam and as microbial fertilizers in P. R. China. Chaetomium as a microbial fungicide and microbial fertilizer can be applied in combination with integrated pest management (IPM). It has been shown to have pathogen and disease suppressive, curative, and protective effects to control plant diseases. It is strongly recommended to prove acute and dermal toxicity, agrochemical resistance screening, acidity or alkaline conditions, and temperature regimes before developing microbial fungicides and microbial fertilizers. Chaetomium spp. are distributed worldwide and survive well under stress conditions. It serves as a natural goldmine for sustainability to maintain and revitalize the environment and preserve the natural and ecological balance in nature. Chaetomium species are broad habitats in soil, water, and endophytes with various biological properties of antagonists of phytopathogens, some insects, plant parasitic nematodes, and human pathogens, as well as the production of active metabolites, enzymes, etc.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Microbial Nanotechnology in Agricultural Applications
(2026-01-01)
Song, Jiaojiao
;
Soytong, Kasem
Nanotechnology has been developed for plant disease management, and many kinds of organic nanoparticles have been developed to induce the immunity of plants, such as plant vaccines. Natural products from Chaetomium lucknowense, Chaetomium brasiliense, Chaetomium cochliodes, Chaetomium cupreum, Chaetomium elatum, Chaetomium globosum, Chaetomium siamense, Emericella nidulans, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma hamatum are reported to have antimicrobial activities against plant pathogens. In particular, Ch. siamense is a newly discovered and endophytic Chaetomium spp. that produces active metabolites. These active metabolites from Chaetomium spp., E. nidulans, T. harzianum, and T. hamatum are constructed as nanofibers for inducing plant disease immunity through phytoalexin production as nanoplant vaccines. The nanofibers are used as elicitors for the induction of immunity in plants that induce phytoalexin biosynthesis, for example, scopoletin and anthocyanidin against Phytophthora or Pythium rot and scoparone against Phytophthora or Pythium rot, capsidiol in chili against anthracnose, alpha-tomatine in tomato against Fusarium wilt, and sakuranetin and oryzalexin in rice plants against blast. The natural product nanoelicitors derived from Chaetomium spp., Emericella spp., and Trichoderma spp. help reduce disease incidence in plants.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Innovation in Microbial Biotechnology for Organic Agriculture
(2026-01-01)
Soytong, Kasem
;
Song, Jiaojiao
Organic agriculture has expanded in many countries to encourage the consumption of safe food for human health and to rejuvenate agroecosystems in the surrounding environment. Agricultural inputs for organic agriculture must be based on scientific investigations, as bioproducts can be substituted for agrochemicals, leading to modern organic agriculture. Microbial biotechnology in agriculture has attracted increasing attention as an important strategy for developmental sustainability. The innovation of this research is the identification of new effective microbes for microbial fermentation, plant growth promotion, disease control, insect protection, and weed control, including integrated management, which can contribute to modern organic agriculture toward sustainable development goals (SDGs). Agricultural inputs for organic agriculture are key for crop and animal productivity and can be used as substitutes for agrochemicals, resulting in equal yields in terms of quality and quantity. Modern organic agriculture has been proposed as an improvement over traditional organic agriculture. Organic certification is required for organic products and foods to ensure that they are free from toxic agrochemicals and harmful human pathogens such as Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, and that they contain low levels of nitrates and heavy metals. Based on scientific findings, the use of agricultural inputs such as microbial decomposers, microbial fertilizers, microbial fungicides, microbial insecticides, and microbes for heavy metal remediation is proposed to support successful organic production of vegetables, fruits, and other crops in compliance with organic certification standards.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Soil quality and microbial diversity in relation to the severity of coffee leaf rust disease in Karnataka, India
(2025-12-01)
Kummur, Poojashree Nagappa
;
Thangadurai, Devarajan
;
Sangeetha, Jeyabalan
;
Panigatti, Simran
;
Hospet, Ravichandra
Soil physico-chemical properties significantly influence the quality, growth, productivity, and flavor of coffee. The current study estimates the soil nutritional properties and microbial diversity with the severity of coffee leaf rust disease. A total of twenty-nine localities were surveyed in the major coffee-growing district of Karnataka, mainly Chikkamagaluru, Kodagu, and Hassan, covering the canopies of arabica and robusta coffee plantations. The study on soil quality evaluation determines the sustainability and practices of land management in this region. The physico-chemical properties and microbial diversity of the soil were analyzed. Twenty-nine soil parameters were analyzed using principal component analysis, which accounts for five principal components with eigenvalues>1 explaining 9 % of the total variance. The nine principal components together explain 82.24 % of the total variance. According to K-means clustering, soil analysis can be classified into four clusters. Soil microbial communities primarily control the complex ecosystems of soil, including root-and rhizosphere-associated beneficial microbes, and play a vital role as key components in crop production and sustainable agriculture. The present study revealed that the fertility level of the soil and the diverse taxa of rhizospheric microflora from various soil samples, characterized by an abundant diversity of beneficial microbes, such as Trichoderma sp., Bacillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Pseudomonas sp. Furthermore, this work gives insights into the sustainable soil quality and disease management practices that can help farmers to adopt better soil management practices for improving the quality and quantity of coffee production in Karnataka, India.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Soil physico-chemical properties and microbial diversity on chilli anthracnose disease severity in Northern Karnataka, India
(2025-06-01)
Panigatti, Simran
;
Thangadurai, Devarajan
;
Sangeetha, Jeyabalan
;
Hospet, Ravichandra
;
Yadav, Guggalada Govardhana
Chilli anthracnose disease causes a huge commercial loss in the globe. Studying soil physico-chemical properties is crucial to understand chilli anthracnose because these properties significantly affect the efficacy of biocontrol agents and herbicides used to manage the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the relative percentage of disease incidence (% DI) of chilli anthracnose in dominant chilli growing areas of Northern Karnataka in India and its relationship to soil properties. The soil physico-chemical (texture, moisture, density, pH, EC, OC, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, and B) properties, microbial (fungi and bacteria) diversity of 17 soil samples were analysed by standard protocols and evaluated their correlation with % DI, using Pearson correlation and cluster analysis method. Highest % DI was found in Shira with more value of pH (8.45), and Mg (14.63 meq 100 g-1), whereas in Nela with more value of EC (0.38%), moisture (46%), and Ca (33.83 meq 100 g-1), and also in the regions where the beneficial microbes were less in number (Tegg, Shira, Agad and Nela). The results obtained from Pearson correlation indicated that % DI was positively correlated to moisture (r=0.851**, P=0.01), EC (r=0.488*, P=0.05) and negatively correlated to Pseudomonas sp. (r=-0.322*, P=0.05). The present study provides comprehensive information about the role of physical, chemical and biological properties of soil characteristics responsible for the development of anthracnose disease prevalence and reducing soil quality as well as chilli production under natural conditions.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Translational Value of Natural Pigments with Reference to Healthcare and Cosmetic Applications
(2024-01-01)
Saravanan, Tamil Selvam
;
Gopikrishnan, Venugopal
;
Manikkam, Radhakrishnan
;
Kaari, Manigundan
;
Annamalai, Kishore Kumar
The natural pigments have reported to be using in a wide range of industries, agriculture, textiles, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. They have become a necessary component of our daily safety life. Synthetic dyes can be harmful impacts to human being as consumer and worker’s health as well as negatively affect to the environment. Numerous natural pigments are recognised as intriguing bioactive substances with feasible safety health advantages. Plants and microbes are discovered to be the main suppliers as natural pigments which various application for these natural products. Recently, the use of natural pigments in the food industry has increased in many areas, including pharmacology, toxicology, textile, and printing industries, as well as food, dairy, and fish industries. The amount of food waste produced has significantly increased as a result of the current surge in industrial food production, particularly the leftovers of fruits and vegetables which are a good source of natural colours including anthocyanins, betalains, carotenoids, and chlorophyll which have both decorative and medicinal effects. Therefore, it is crucial for both economic and environmental reasons to recover the natural pigments from food waste. The cost-effective production would be appreciated and investigated would be overshadowed by the advantages for people. The research findings must be investigated to develop the readily available, non-toxic, environmentally responsible, affordable, and biodegradable pigments for multipurpose application and especially for food security and safety.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Cytotoxic and antibacterial depsidones from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium brasiliense isolated from Thai rice
(2022-01-01)
Promgool, Trinop
;
Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
;
Leewijit, Thianrat
;
Song, Jiaojiao
;
Soytong, Kasem
Four new depsidones, mollicellins V-Y (1-4), together with eight known depsidones (5-12) were isolated from the endophytic fungus, Chaetomium brasiliense, detached from stems of Thai rice. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. Mollicellins X, H, and F (3, 8 and 10) showed potent cytotoxicity against the human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cell line, and mollicellin F (10) also showed a potent cytotoxicity against the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Besides, mollicellin B (11) exhibited cytotoxicity against the colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell line. Moreover, most of the isolated depsidones displayed potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis, and several of them showed moderate activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and clinical isolates of S. aureus. In addition, a few of them also showed moderate activity against a Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Some of the metrics are blocked by your
consent settings
Bioactive xanthoquinodins and epipolythiodioxopiperazines from Chaetomium globosum 7s-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from Rhapis cochinchinensis (Lour.) Mart
(2020-02-16)
Tantapakul, Cholpisut
;
Promgool, Trinop
;
Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
;
Soytong, Kasem
;
Song, Jiaojiao
A new xanthoquinodin B9 (1), together with two known xanthoquinodins, xanthoquinodin A1 (2) and xanthoquinodin A3 (3), three epipolythiodioxopiperazines, chetomin (4), chaetocochin C (5) and dethio-tetra(methylthio)chetomin (6), and four other compounds, chrysophanol (7), emodin (8), alatinone (9), and ergosterol (10) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum 7s-1, isolated from Rhapis cochinchinensis (Lour.) Mart. All isolated structures were established based on their spectroscopic data analyses. Compounds 1–6 showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria with MICs ranging from 0.02 pM to 10.81 µM. Compounds 1–6 also exhibited cytotoxicity against KB, MCF-7 and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines (IC<inf>50</inf> 0.04–18.40 µM). However, they were cytotoxic towards a normal cell line (Vero cell) with IC<inf>50</inf> values ranging from 0.04 to 3.86 µM.

KMITL

Browse

Filters

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results