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Real-Time Monitoring of Hydraulic Oil Deterioration Using a Hall Effect Sensor Under Operational Conditions
(2025-01-01)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Chartpolrak, Pijaya
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Tammarugwattana, Narin
This paper presents a method for measuring hydraulic oil degradation by detecting metal particle flow using a permanent magnet's magnetic field and monitoring voltage changes in a Hall effect sensor (HES). Degraded hydraulic oil containing increased metal contaminants from component wear exhibits reduced viscosity and higher flow rates. We developed a measurement device incorporating a microcontroller to process data and display contamination levels on an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) screen, enabling real-time monitoring without interrupting machine operations. Experiments measured voltage variations at three system locations with metal contamination levels from 2.5 to 5.0 grams per liter (in 0.5 grams per liter increments). Results showed the HES output voltage varied linearly with particle concentration, demonstrating a maximum deviation of 4.73 millivolts (0.47 %) at 2.5 grams per liter, particularly at the reservoir outlet. This approach helps assess hydraulic oil contamination under operational conditions, offering advantages in real-time monitoring capability, cost-effectiveness, and non-invasive implementation.
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Development of a Capacitive Sensing Module to Detect the Concentration of Isopropyl Alcohol for Covid-19 Disinfection Using Small Capacitance to DC Converter
(2024-01-01)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Faijaree, Manasnit
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Sriratana, Lerdlekha
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Satthamsakul, Sutham
This paper presents the development of a sensing module for analyzing the concentration of disinfectant alcohol commercially available in Thailand during the Covid-19 epidemic situation to ensure the ingredients and percentage concentration by focusing on simplicity, low cost with reliable performance. Under the basic physical structure of the capacitance change [1]-[5], it consists of a New Sensor Module developed to fully interface with the small capacitance to DC converter for capacitive sensor [2] model. Inside the sensing structure, there were 2 modules of metal conductors. Each conductor was 3 mm. thick, placed in parallel with a fixed distance between the module of 1 mm. The cross-sectional areas of the plates of those two modules were different in order to compare the efficiency of the detector developed. The cross-sectional areas of the plates of Module A and B were 4 cm<sup>2</sup> and 1 cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Experiments were performed with 3 concentrations of alcohol, 65%, 70% and 75%, to enhance the concentration detecting performance of the sensing module developed. The signal conditioning was generated from a small capacitance to DC converter for capacitive detection with a frequency of 100 kHz, which was the most suitable frequency for exciting the capacitance change which was the capacitive reactance of the alcohol used in this study. From experiments, it was found that the sensing module with a small cross-sectional conductive material would provide more accurate results in terms of linearity and repeatability. The errors were less than 2.72% compared to the module with a large cross-sectional conductor material which would have an error up to 4.73%.
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Analysis of Eggs Quality by Using the NIR
(2023-12-14)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Iamyang, Wongwit
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Sriratana, Lerdlekha
In this study, fresh chicken eggs that had hatched between 11 to 22 days prior were used to examine and devise a method for assessing chicken egg quality [1][9]. The samples were separated into three sizes: medium, large, and extra-large, and stored in an environment with controlled temperature and humidity. The eggs were then exposed to near-infrared spectra projected onto them by a spectrometer in the wavelength range of 610 to 880 nm [2][4][6]. The water molecules within the eggs absorb near-infrared thermal radiation. The unabsorbed portion of the thermal energy or near-infrared spectrum reflects some of the spectrometer's light and generates the spectrum's output in terms of radiation intensity. The Haugh unit and yolk index [1] were then utilized to compare the mean values [3]. This study determined, that chicken eggs aged 11 to 22 days had radiation intensities between 16.43 and 48.19, yolk indices between 0.1994 and 0.2601, and Haugh unit values between 54.7345 and 67.2087. The analysis of the data revealed that elder eggs had a greater effect on egg quality. Each of the three variables (radiation intensity reflected, Haugh units, and egg yolk index) there was a direct correlation with egg quality.
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Application of webcam for inspection of rice grain quality by using image processing technique
(2020-10-13)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Narknam, Namo
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Apichitanon, Ruangsit
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Tammarugwattana, Narin
This paper presents the image processing system for quality inspection of rice grains after sorting process by using an ordinary webcam to ensure that rice grains should meet the quality standards and impurity such as grits, dirt and stones should not be found [1]. Moreover, statistical information of rice grains from image processing could be taken into analysis to enhance the efficiency of the sorting process. Image data analysis of rice grains can be divided into 2 main arrangement conditions, non-overlapping and overlapping. In this study, the experiments to inspect rice grains were applied for 24 samples and 18 experimental designs including the complete and incomplete structures, the overlapping and non-overlapping arrangements, and the combination of rice grains from complete and incomplete structures in equal and unequal ratios. From experiments, it was found that the inspection of rice grain quality by using image processing technique and image data recorded by an ordinary webcam was reliable and efficient. The inspection errors under non-overlapping arrangement condition of complete and incomplete structures of rice grains were not observed. The inspection errors of rice grains combined from complete and incomplete structures in equal and unequal ratios were about 0.8% and 1.11%, respectively. However, under overlapping arrangement condition, it was observed that the inspection errors of image processing would be high by up to 53.82% on average.
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Analysis of electric current by using MySQL database on web server for machine performance evaluation: A case study of air conditioning system
(2020-10-13)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Khagwian, Vittaya
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Satthamsakul, Sutham
This study developed a performance analyzing system for industrial machines by using an air conditioning system as a case study. Electricity consumption of the air conditioner compressor operating normally under controlled temperature in the room was gathered by applying the principle of quantitative data collection. Work efficiency of the system was analyzed by using the big data pattern. Due to sufficient information, it can further contribute to the application of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in analysis of the failures or causes of machine malfunctions. Data collecting system in this study was designed to analyze electric current and various parameters including power voltage, temperature and humidity, real power and power factor in order to recheck as well as increase the reliability of the system. All collected data were stored in the MySQL database on a web server and managed by phpMyAdmin that could allow users to access the information chronologically on daily, monthly, or yearly basis via a computer screen. The test results showed that the designed system was accurate with a small variation about 0.07 A or 1.78% compared to the standard digital ammeter. For power voltage, an average difference compared to the standard digital voltmeter was approximately 0.4 V or about 0.17%.
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Conductivity analysis of lubricant in terms of deterioration by using a hall effect sensor
(2019-11-01)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Prommapit, Sombat
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Khwankityotha, Yannadech
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Sriratana, Lerdlekha
This paper investigates the efficiency of lubricant analysis by using electrical conductor theory that applied to check the performance of the lubricant, it will be indicate a life cycle of lubricant. The measurement process has led Electrochemical cell, Induction coil and Hall Effect sensor for electrochemical field analysis and compare it with electrical conductivity. In conductivity measurement experiment, we consider dynamic measurement velocity at 80 RPM with a lubricant Semi-Synthetic 10W-40 type by 5 different life cycle samples ratio, Used lubricant: Unused lubricant are 100% (4: 0), 75% (3:1), 50% (2:2), 25% (1:3) and 0% (0:4). The voltage output of Hall Effect sensor of 100% sample measurement at 100 degree Celsius is higher than the voltage output of 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% sample are 7.04%, 12.21%, 21.25% and 28.65%, respectively. The average percentage of Hall Effect sensor errors with the dynamic measurement method of the 5 lubricant samples was 2.87. Even though this measurement method had a high percentage of errors, but it has a cost advantage over the current measuring devices such as the Viscometer which is expensive cost.
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Development of compatible induction coil with pure AC for hall effect sensor: A study on metal materials thickness
(2018-12-10)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Khwankityotha, Yannadech
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Satthamsakul, Sutham
This study presents an analysis of the parameters to generate the electromagnetic fields of the induction coils for the application of Hall Effect sensor to classify the aluminum thickness and the classification of the metal materials. In this research three types of induction coil are considered: Type A with one layer, Type B with two layers, and Type C with three layers. Four experiments were conducted. The electromagnetic field of Type C is found to be 11.90% greater than Type B, and 29.26% greater than Type A. The core temperature of Type C with 1 A current applied was found to be 3.50% hotter than Type B and 5.14% hotter than Type A. The classification of the aluminum thickness with the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1.4 kHz are suitable for identifying the thickness of 1, 2 and 3 mm. In terms of the classification of metal materials with all the three types of the induction coil, it can be separated clearly from the samples which consist of steel, stainless steel and aluminum. The total error by using Hall Effect sensor is ±0.5702%.
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Development of sensor module for detecting the magnetron power based on microwave oven frequency
(2018-12-10)
Satthamsakul, Sutham
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Sriratana, Witsarut
This study presents the design of sensor module to be used in analyzing the electromagnetic power created from magnetron by using microwave as the case study on basis of Rectenna (Rectifying antenna) consisting of 2 main parts including sensing part and transduction part. On part of sensing part, the design would be made on the basic principle of monopole antenna; on part of transduction part, the design would be made on the basis of rectifier circuit, to function in converting the electromagnetic power received from magnetron to be in form of DC current, here the Hall Effect Sensor that was installed inside the current sensor module was used as the measuring equipment, with Arduino UNO R3 as the controller for recording electrical current including temperature. The experimental results would be used to analyze the appropriate form of sensor module. This research compared sensor module for 3 forms including Type A, Type B, and Type C, with different sizes of diameter of wires consisting, by comparing the efficiency in preventing the leak of measured power. According to the test of sensor modules in 3 forms on the same condition, it was found that the means of electrical current from converting the electromagnetic power of microwave.
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A Study on Influences of Metal Materials on Electromagnetic Field Generated by Pure DC and Combined DC
(2018-10-15)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Kaewnamchai, Vanisara
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Sriratana, Erdlekha
This paper presents the classification of metals materials by application of Hall Effect sensor based on the eddy current method with non-destructive testing. The electromagnetic field was generated by winding an SWG 22 wire onto the ferrite core to create a solenoid. Two measurement systems are used. One uses a Pure DC supply as the excitation voltage of the electromagnetic field of the Hall Effect sensor system; while the other uses a combination of AC and DC supply, which is amplified through an integrated Class-A amplifier circuit, as the excitation voltage. Three different metal samples, namely, steel, aluminum and stainless steel were used as specimen. Current test conducted to determine the suitable current level revealed that a 0.8 A current is safe to allow tests to be conducted. Results show that the Combined DC system is capable to classify conductive materials, where the Pure DC system lacks in this functionality. The Output voltage of Hall Effect sensor to test with steel, aluminum and stainless steel is 4.68 V, 1.74 V and 3.63 V, respectively. Furthermore, the use of the Combined DC system enables aluminum thickness to be distinguished. The tolerance of the system measuring the materials when using the Pure DC and Combined DC are pm 0.0697% and pm 0.58530% respectively.
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Application of image processing for inspection of pill production process
(2018-08-13)
Sriratana, Witsarut
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Apichitanon, Ruangsit
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Tammarugwattana, Narin
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Weerathaweemas, Songchai
Inspection of the external appearance of the pill is one of the methods to check the basic quality according to the standard of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) such as chipped pills, inappropriate sizes, and unclear letter printed on pills. This paper proposes an application of image processing for inspection of pill production process. In this study, the Image Processing principal including the Grayscale Method, Threshold Method, OTSU Method, Bounding Box Method and Geometric Algorithm was adopted to process images from normal webcam camera. In addition, the Microsoft Visual C# 2008 was used for processing the signals by analyzing the output signals of webcam camera. In the experiment, the perfect pill was determined by a cross-sectional area not less than 98% of the standard pill in units of milligrams (mg) in FDA standard. The experiment was divided into three cases: Inspection 100 perfect pills, 100 imperfect pills and 100 pills in 1:1 ratio between the perfect pills and the imperfect pills with the speed for inspecting and distinguishing of 70 pills per minute. From the experimental result of three cases, the error rates were 0.6%, 1.2% and 1.0%, respectively, while the average of process error was 0.93%.

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