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Author: search.filters.author.Srisang, NaruebodeeSubject: search.filters.subject.Response surface methodology

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    An innovative chitosan-coated aquatic feed pellets production from coastal waste using top-spray fluidized bed drying
    (2026-12-01)
    Maikaew, Jatuphat
    ;
    Srisang, Naruebodee
    ;
    Tambunlertchai, Supreeda
    ;
    Srisang, Siriwan
    Coastal wastes such as crab shells, shrimp shells, and seaweed are rich in proteins, lipids, and bioactive compounds, making them valuable raw materials for aquafeed production. In this work, three aquatic feed pellets were developed and tested under different drying temperatures from 70 to 110 °C to evaluate the pellet durability index (PDI), specific energy consumption in water removal (SEW), and nutrient quality. The formulation containing high crab shell content showed the most balanced nutritional profile but required further improvement in mechanical strength. To address this, chitosan coating was applied using a top-spray fluidized bed system, with process conditions optimized through response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM demonstrated the optimal coating condition at a concentration of about 1.25% (w/v), a spray rate of about 32.5 mL/min, and a temperature of about 110 °C, with the lowest of drying time (DT) and specific energy consumption (SEC). The optimized coating significantly improved PDI and water solubility index while preserving nutritional balance. It also enhanced antimicrobial properties, which are desirable for feed storage. Microscopic and structural analyses confirmed good adhesion of the coating. Overall, this study demonstrates a sustainable pathway to convert coastal waste into high-quality aquafeed, offering both environmental benefits and practical value for aquaculture industries.
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    Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Pineapple Leaf Fiber-Based Vegan Leather for Environmental Sustainability
    (2026-01-20)
    Srisang, Siriwan
    ;
    Kunyuan, Jumpon
    ;
    Hutangkoon, Thunyanat
    ;
    Eiangmee, Orranat
    ;
    Maikaew, Jatuphat
    The environmental impact of synthetic leather production has raised global concerns due to its reliance on petroleum-based polymers and poor biodegradability. Therefore, the development of sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives using renewable resources has become increasingly important. A biodegradable vegan leather was developed from natural rubber and pineapple leaf fibers (PALF), with properties analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The effects of fiber content (X1), compression time (X2), and compression temperature (X3) were studied on biodegradation (Y1), water absorption (Y2), and tensile strength (Y3). Results showed that all three factors significantly influenced Y1, with the predictive model demonstrating high reliability (R > 90%). The optimum condition for Y1 was X1 = 3.0 g, X2 = 70.0 min, and X3 = 110.0 C, yielding a maximum predicted biodegradation of about 21%. In contrast, the models for Y2 and Y3 were statistically unreliable (P > 0.05) due to low R² values. However, Y2 passed the lack-of-fit test, suggesting an adequate model form, while Y3 failed (P < 0.05), indicating an inadequate prediction model. These findings suggest future experiments should narrow factor ranges and include additional control variables to improve the predictability of Y2 and Y3. Despite these limitations, the study highlights a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic leather, aligning with circular economy principles and supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Importantly, the process is resource-efficient: from 1 kg of pineapple leaves, only 20 g of fibers is obtained, and just 75 g of PALF was used in 15 experimental runs. This minimal material requirement underscores the potential of the approach for sustainable production, while highlighting potential applications in sustainable fashion, packaging, and eco-friendly product design.