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Author: search.filters.author.Suriyachadkun, Chanwit

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    Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from Thai peat swamp forest soil and its promising secondary metabolites
    (2026-12-01)
    Kottip, Penkawee
    ;
    Klanbut, Khanungkan
    ;
    Fukasem, Poowadon
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    An actinomycete strain, PTD5-9<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from peat swamp forest soil in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic features and phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed this strain within the genus Streptomyces. It exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces gelaticus NRRL B-2928ᵀ (99.38%) and Streptomyces sanglieri NBRC 100784ᵀ (99.31%). However, the average nucleotide identity based on MUMmer (ANIm) values (88.48–88.56%), the average amino acid identity (84.37–84.97%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) estimates (31.2–36.5%) were significantly below the accepted thresholds for species demarcation, supporting its classification as a new species within the genus. Accordingly, the name Streptomyces tyrfis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract derived from the culture broth of strain PTD5-9ᵀ exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC ≤ 250 µg/mL). Subsequent chemical analysis led to the identification of ten bioactive secondary metabolites: isocycloheximide (1), (2R,4S,6E)-anhydrocycloheximide (2), actiphenol (3), (−)-phenatic acid A (4), 8-O-methyltetrangomycin (5), 8-O-methylrabelomycin (6), 4-hydroxy-8-O-methylrabelomycin (7), tetrangulol methyl ether (also known as X-14881 E) (8), (−)-elmonin (9), and 2-phenylacetamide (10). Among these, compounds 3, 6, 7, and 8, which were isolated in sufficient quantities, exhibited notable inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with MIC values ranging from 3.13 to 25.0 µg/mL. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, and 8 demonstrated pronounced cytotoxicity against human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) cells (IC₅₀: 1.10–7.80 µM), and against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells (IC₅₀: 1.21–24.6 µM).
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    Streptomyces odontotermitis Odt1-20BT, an actinobacterium isolated from the fungus-growing Odontotermes formosanus
    (2026-08-01)
    Supong, Khomsan
    ;
    Niemhom, Nantawan
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    ;
    Tanasupawat, Somboon
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    A novel culturable insect-derived actinobacterium, designated strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from Odontotermes formosanus. The cells exhibited aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, and filamentous characteristics. Strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> formed well-developed substrate and aerial mycelia, with straight spore chains borne on the aerial mycelium. Strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> grew at 20–40 °C (optimum 30 °C), 0˗4% (w/v) NaCl, and pH 5˗10 (optimum 7−8). The l,l-diaminopimelic acid was determined in the whole-cell hydrolysate of strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup>. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine, whereas the detected major quinones were MK-9(H<inf>4</inf>), MK-9(H<inf>6</inf>), and MK-9(H<inf>8</inf>). Whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, ribose, and xylose. Summed feature C<inf>18:1</inf> ω6c/ω7c, C<inf>16:0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, and iso-C<inf>16:0</inf> were the main fatty acids. The draft genome size was 10,091,787 nucleotides, with a G + C content of 71.5%. Comparative phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> belonged to the genus Streptomyces, and shared the highest similarity with S. davaonensis JCM 4913 <sup>T</sup> (98.55%). Furthermore, phylogenomic analysis showed that strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> was clearly distinguished from the closely related Streptomyces species. The average nucleotide identity analyses based on BLAST (ANIb) and MUMmer (ANIm) between strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> and its related species ranged below 87%, and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values ranged from 21.2% to 29.9%, all of which are below the species delimitation thresholds. The results of polyphasic taxonomy clearly indicated that strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species, proposed as Streptomyces odontotermitis sp. nov. with the type strain Odt1-20B<sup>T</sup> (= NBRC 116112 <sup>T</sup> = TBRC 16156 <sup>T</sup>).
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    Discovery of Streptomyces marinisediminis sp. nov., a new thiolutin producing actinomycete isolated from Thai marine sediment
    (2025-12-01)
    Pansomsuay, Rawirat
    ;
    Fukasem, Poowadon
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    Thiolutin and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin are sulfur-containing antibiotics discovered through a targeted high-throughput screening strategy designed to identify compounds with antimicrobial activity. The producing strain, JHD1<sup>T</sup>, is an actinomycete isolated from marine sediment collected in Chonburi Province, Thailand. Chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain JHD1<sup>T</sup> belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Taxonomic analysis using a polyphasic approach further supported its placement within the genus Streptomyces. The strain exhibited low similarity to its closest known relatives, Streptomyces alkaliterrae OF1<sup>T</sup> and Streptomyces chumphonensis KK1-2<sup>T</sup>, with average nucleotide identity based on MuMmer ultra-rapid aligning tool (ANIm) values of 85.7–86.2%, average amino acid identity (AAI) values of 71.8–78.1%, and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of 23.4–25.0%, all well below the established thresholds for species delineation. These results reveal that strain JHD1<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species within the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces marinisediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The crude extract obtained from the culture broth of strain JHD1<sup>T</sup> exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and led to the discovery of two promising secondary metabolites, thiolutin and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin, along with 8-amino-2H-benz[e][1,3]oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione, benadrostin, 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide, and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzamide. In this study, 2,2-dioxidothiolutin was structurally confirmed for the first time by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Interestingly, thiolutin demonstrated strong anti-human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.35 µg/mL, and also showed cytotoxicity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 5.61 µg/mL.
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    Pradimicin U, a promising antimicrobial agent isolated from a newly found Nonomuraea composti sp. nov
    (2024-12-01)
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    ;
    Tadtong, Sarin
    Pradimicin U is a new dihydrobenzo[a]naphthacenequinone compound found to be active on a screen designed to investigate compounds with antimicrobial activity, produced by the actinomycete designated strain FMUSA5-5<sup>T</sup>. The strain was isolated from a bio-fertilizer of Musa spp. collected from Suphanburi province, Thailand. The chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that strain FMUSA5-5<sup>T</sup> is a member of the genus Nonomuraea. Low genome-based taxonomic criteria, average nucleotide identity (ANI) (82.8–88.3%), average amino-acid identity (AAI) (79.4–87.3%), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) (29.5–38.5%) values and several phenotypic differences between strain FMUSA5-5<sup>T</sup> and its closest type strains of the genus Nonomuraea indicated that strain FMUSA5-5<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea and the name Nonomuraea composti sp. nov. is proposed for the strain. The crude extract from the culture broth of strain FMUSA5-5<sup>T</sup> displayed promising antimicrobial activity against several pathogens and led to the isolation of a novel secondary metabolite, pradimicin U. Interestingly, this compound displayed a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 (IC<inf>50</inf> value = 3.65 µg/mL), anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC value = 25.0 µg/mL), anti-Alternaria brassicicola BCC 42724 (MIC value = 25.0 µg/mL), anti-Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and anti-Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC values = 6.25 and 1.56 µg/mL, respectively). Moreover, the compound possessed strong anti-human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H187) activity with IC<inf>50</inf> value of 5.69 µg/mL, while cytotoxicity against human breast cancer (MCF-7) and Vero cells was very weak (IC<inf>50</inf> values of 52.49 and 21.84 µg/mL, respectively).
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    Description of Streptomyces siderophoricus sp. nov., a promising nocardamine-producing species isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Mangifera indica
    (2024-11-01)
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    ;
    Tadtong, Sarin
    An actinomycete, designated strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Mangifera indica. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties, such as the production of spiral spore chains and the presence of LL-diaminopimelic acid in the peptidoglycan, showed that it belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Based on the 16S rRNA gene analysis, it was confirmed that strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup> was a member of the genus Streptomyces and revealed 99.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relative strains, Streptomyces lydicus NBRC 13058 <sup>T</sup> and Streptomyces chattanoogensis NBRC 12754 <sup>T</sup>. Although the strain showed high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values, however, genome relatedness indexes exhibited that the average nucleotide identity based on the MUMmer (ANIm) algorithm, the average amino acid identity (AAI), and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup> and its closest phylogenomic relatives were below the threshold values for delineation of a novel species, (ANIm ranging from 87.5 to 88.6, AAI ranging from 80.6 to 84.6, and dDDH ranging from 28.4 to 31.7), respectively. A taxonomic position of strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup> in the phylogenomic tree showed that the closest relative strain was S. lydicus NBRC 13058 <sup>T</sup>. The comparative phenotypic studies between strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup> and its closest relatives revealed that strain CH9-7<sup>T</sup> could be classified as a novel species of the genus Streptomyces. Thus, the name Streptomyces siderophoricus sp. nov. is proposed for the strain. The type strain is CH9-7<sup>T</sup> (= TBRC 17833 <sup>T</sup> = NBRC 116426 <sup>T</sup>). The chemical investigation led to the isolation of four known compounds (compounds 1-4). Among these compounds, compound 1 was identified to be nocardamine, a promising bioactive substance.
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    Actinomycetospora termitidis sp. nov., an insect-derived actinomycete isolated from termite (Odontotermes formosanus)
    (2024-05-01)
    Supong, Khomsan
    ;
    Niemhom, Nantawan
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    ;
    Phongsopitanun, Wongsakorn
    ;
    Tanasupawat, Somboon
    Strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup>, an insect-derived actinomycete was isolated from a termite (Odontotermes formosanus) that was collected from Chanthaburi province, Thailand. Strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> was aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, and produced bud-like spore chain on the substrate hypha. According to chemotaxonomic analysis, strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in peptidoglycan and the whole-cell hydrolysates contained arabinose, galactose, glucose, and ribose. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H<inf>4</inf>). The diagnostic phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> was identified to the genus Actinomycetospora and showed high similarity values with A. chiangmaiensis DSM 45062 <sup>T</sup> (99.24%), A. soli SF1<sup>T</sup> (99.24%) and A. corticicola 014-5 <sup>T</sup> (98.17%). The genomic size of strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> was 6.6 Mbp with 73.8% G + C content and 6355 coding sequences (CDSs). The genomic analysis, strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> and closely related species A. chiangmaiensis DSM 45062 <sup>T</sup>, A. soli SF1<sup>T</sup> and A. corticicola DSM 45772 <sup>T</sup> displayed the values of average nucleotide identity-blast (ANIb) at 83.7–84.1% and MUMmer (ANIm) at 86.6–87.0%. Moreover, the results of digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> and related Actinomycetospora species were 45.8−50.5% that lower than the threshold value of commonly used to delineate separated species level. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic data, strain Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> represented a novel species within the genus Actinomycetospora, for which the name Actinomycetospora termitidis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species is Odt1-22<sup>T</sup> (= TBRC 16192 <sup>T</sup> = NBRC 115965 <sup>T</sup>).
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    Streptomyces telluris sp. nov., a promising terrestrial actinobacterium with antioxidative potentials
    (2023-06-01)
    Thayanuwadtanawong, Onnicha
    ;
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Bunbamrung, Nantiya
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    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    An actinomycete strain, AA8<sup>T</sup>, which produced a long straight chain of spores (verticillati type), was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Mangifera indica in Bangkok, Thailand. A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic position of the strain. Strain AA8<sup>T</sup> formed a tight taxonomic position in the 16S rRNA gene tree with Streptomyces roseifaciens MBT76<sup>T</sup>. In contrast, the genome-based taxonomic analysis showed that strain AA8<sup>T</sup> shared low average nucleotide identity-BLAST (94.1%), the digital DNA–DNA hybridization (58.2%), and the average amino acid identity (93.6%) values with S. roseifaciens MBT76<sup>T</sup>. Moreover, a combination of physiological and biochemical properties indicated that strain AA8<sup>T</sup> was distinguished from all Streptomyces species with effectively published names. Strain AA8<sup>T</sup>, therefore, represents a novel species of Streptomyces, and the name Streptomyces telluris is proposed for the strain. The type strain is AA8<sup>T</sup> (= TBRC 8483<sup>T</sup> = NBRC 113461<sup>T</sup>). The chemical investigation led to the isolation of nine known compounds (compounds 1–9). Among these compounds, compound 7 (3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) possesses strong antioxidant activity equal to ascorbic acid, a powerful antioxidative agent.
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    Streptomyces zingiberis sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolated from the root tissue of Zingiber montanum
    (2023-06-01)
    Pansomsuay, Rawirat
    ;
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    An endophytic actinobacterium, designated strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from the root tissue of Zingiber montanum collected from Pathum Thani province, Thailand. Strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. It typically exhibited morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the genus Streptomyces. Strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> produced a spiral spore chain on aerial mycelium and grew at 15–40 °C, pH 6–10 on International Streptomyces Project 2 agar. The maximum NaCl concentration for growth was 9% (w/v). Cells of strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> presented ll-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose, galactose and ribose. The detected phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphati-dylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H<inf>6</inf>) and MK-9(H<inf>8</inf>). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C<inf>16:0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>15:0</inf> and anteiso-C<inf>17:0</inf> . The genome-based taxonomic details revealed the assignment of strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> to the genus Streptomyces and exhibited low threshold values for the delineation of a novel species by average nucleotide identity–blast (84.0%), average amino acid identity (80.0%) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (27.6%) with its closest type strain, Streptomyces xinghaiensis S187<sup>T</sup>. Furthermore, several differential physiological and biochemical characteristics were detected between strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> and the closest type strain. Based on the combined phenotypic and genomic features, strain PLAI 1-29<sup>T</sup> (=TBRC 7645<sup>T</sup>=NBRC 113170<sup>T</sup>) is considered to represent a new Streptomyces species, for which we propose the name Streptomyces zingiberis sp. nov.
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    Micromonospora solifontis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from hot spring soil
    (2023-05-01)
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Pansomsuay, Rawirat
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    An actinobacterium strain, PPF5-17<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from hot spring soil collected from Chiang Rai province, Thailand. The strain exhibited morphological and chemotaxonomic properties similar to those of members of the genus Micromonospora. Colonies of PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> were strong pinkish red and turned black after sporulation in ISP 2 agar medium. Cells formed single spores directly on the substrate mycelium. Growth was observed from 15 to 45 °C and at pH 5–8. Maximum NaCl concentration for growth was 3% (w/v). PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> was found to have meso-diaminopimelic acid, xylose, mannose and glucose in the whole-cell hydrolysate. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositolmannosides were observed as the membrane phospholipids. MK-10(H<inf>6</inf> ), MK-9(H<inf>6</inf> ), MK-10(H<inf>4</inf> ) and MK-9(H<inf>4</inf> ) were the major menaquinones. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>17:0</inf>, anteiso-C<inf>17:0</inf> and iso-C<inf>16:0</inf> . PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Micromonospora fluminis LMG 30467<sup>T</sup> (99.3%). A genome-based taxonomic study revealed that PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> was closely related to Micromonospora aurantinigra DSM 44815<sup>T</sup> in the phylogenomic tree with an average nucleotide identity by blast (ANIb) of 87.7% and a digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of, 36.1% which were below the threshold values for delineation of a novel species. Moreover, PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> could be distinguished from its closest neighbours, M. fluminis LMG 30467<sup>T</sup> and M. aurantinigra DSM 44815<sup>T</sup>, with respect to a broad range of phenotypic properties. Thus, PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species, for which the name Micromonospora solifontis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PPF5-17<sup>T</sup> (= TBRC 8478<sup>T</sup> = NBRC 113441<sup>T</sup>).
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    Micromonospora thermarum sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from hot spring soil
    (2023-04-01)
    Pansomsuay, Rawirat
    ;
    Duangupama, Thitikorn
    ;
    Pittayakhajonwut, Pattama
    ;
    Intaraudom, Chakapong
    ;
    Suriyachadkun, Chanwit
    An actinomycete, designated strain HSS6-12<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from hot spring sediment collected from Ranong province, Thailand. The strain showed taxonomic characteristics consistent with those of members of the genus Micromonospora. HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> produced a single spore directly on the substrate mycelium, and no aerial mycelium was detected. The isomer of diamino acid presented in cell wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. Arabinose, xylose, glucose, and ribose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysates. MK-10(H<inf>4</inf>), MK-9(H<inf>4</inf>), and MK-10(H<inf>6</inf>) were major menaquinones. Major cellular fatty acids were iso-C<inf>16:0</inf>, iso-C<inf>15:0</inf>, and iso-C<inf>17:0</inf>. Phospholipid profile was composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylinositolmannosides. 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Micromonospora inositola DSM 43819<sup>T</sup> (99.3%). In contrast, the genome analysis showed that HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> formed a tight taxonomic position in a phylogenomic tree with Micromonospora endolithica DSM 44398<sup>T</sup>. Moreover, the average nucleotide identity-blast, the digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and the average amino acid identity values between HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> and M. inositola DSM 43819<sup>T</sup> and M. endolithica DSM 44398<sup>T</sup> were 83.1–84.0%, 27.5–28.7%, and 80.4–82.2%, respectively, indicating that HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> was different species with both closely related Micromonospora-type strains. In addition, HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> could be discriminated from its closely related type strains by many physiological and biochemical characteristics. Thus, HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> could be considered a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, and the name Micromonospora thermarum is proposed for the strain. The type strain is HSS6-12<sup>T</sup> (= BCC 41915<sup>T</sup> = JCM 17127<sup>T</sup>).