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Author: search.filters.author.Teerarak, M.Subject: search.filters.subject.Echinochloa crus-galli

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    Effects of natural herbicide from tagetes erecta on echinochloa crus-galli (L.) beauv
    (2018-01-01)
    Wichittrakarn, P.
    ;
    Teerarak, M.
    ;
    Charoenying, P.
    ;
    Laosinwattana, C.
    We studied the inhibitory effects of leaves extracts of Tagetes erecta on weed-seed germination and the mechanisms involved. Hydroethanolic crude extract (OR) from Tagetes erecta dried leaves was partitioned into four fractions: hydrolyzed (HY), aqueous (AQ), neutral (NE) and acidic (AE). The inhibitory effects of crude extracts and its fractions were evaluated on germination and seedlings growth of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of each fraction were also determined. Germination and seedling growth were drastically inhibited by HY and AE followed by NE, OR and AQ. The HY and AE fractions had higher concentrations of both phenolics and flavonoids than other fractions. The HY fraction was selected as most potent for development as natural herbicide due to its high yield and strong inhibitory effects. The HY fraction was formulated into a soluble concentrate product (SCT) and its inhibition potential and modes of action were investigated. The SCT drastically inhibited the seed germination of E. crus-galli, inhibiting both imbibition, α-amylase activity and also seedling growth. Cytogenetic bioassays of SCT on root-tip cells of Allium cepa L. showed that it inhibited the mitosis and thereby the cell division. It is likely that a natural herbicide may be developed from the hydrolyzed fraction of a hydroethanolic extract of Mexican marigold leaves.
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    Allelopathic potential of Chinese rice flower (aglaia odorata Lour.) as organic herbicide
    (2009-01-01)
    Laosinwattana, C.
    ;
    Poonpaiboonpipat, T.
    ;
    Teerarak, M.
    ;
    Phuwiwat, W.
    ;
    Mongkolaussavaratana, T.
    The aqueous extracts of leaf and branches of Aglaia odorata inhibited the germination and seedling growth of bamyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) and wild pea (Phaseolus lathyroides L.) over the control. Besides its dry leaf powder (31.25, 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/plate) was more inhibitory to these parameters than aqueous extract. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of dried leaf pellets of Chinese rice flower were more stronger than dried leaf powders at equal rates. The pellets applied at 0.5 ton ha<sup>-1</sup> dose as soil surface mulch inhibited the seedlings emrgence of banyardgrass and wild pea by 67% and 2%, respectively. Thus the Chinese rice flower pellets has the potential to act as organic herbicide for control of bamyardgrass weed.