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Author: search.filters.author.Teerarak, MontineeSubject: search.filters.subject.Essential oil

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    Chemical composition and herbicidal action of essential oil from Tagetes erecta L. leaves
    (2018-12-15)
    Laosinwattana, Chamroon
    ;
    Wichittrakarn, Pattharin
    ;
    Teerarak, Montinee
    Plant derived substances, particularly essential oils have been an increasing interest in their safe and environmentally-friendly application to crops, as a powerful alternative to chemical herbicides. The present investigation studied the chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from Tagetes erecta L. and evaluated its herbicidal activities (pre-and post-emergence) against Echinochloa cruss-galli (L.) Beauv. The yield of essential oil from T. erecta was 0.72 mg.kg<sup>−1</sup> fresh weight. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed to determine essential oil chemical composition. Relatively high amounts of monoterpines were detected, consisting mainly of piperitone (17.12%), piperitenone (10.46), and ocimine (8.59%); identified sesquiterpenoids consisted mainly of neophytadiene (16.18%) and caryophyllene (11.10%). The essential oil was formulated as emulsifiable concentrate (EC-EO) for herbicidal applications. Seed germination and seedling growth of E. crus-galli was determined by Petri dish bioassay for EC-EO concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 2 mL.L<sup>−1</sup>. At 2 mL.L<sup>−1</sup>, the EC-EO completely inhibited germination and growth of E. crus-galli seed due to the inhibition of α-amylase activity. Post-emergence application of EC-EOs was also tested, with concentrations of 10 to 80 mL.L<sup>−1</sup> foliar applied to 21-day-old E. crus-galli plants. The leaves of treated plants appeared wilted and desiccated. Increasing concentrations of oil decreased chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid content, indicating that the EC-EO interferes with photosynthetic metabolism. The EC-EOs also caused loss of membrane integrity and increase of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Taken together, these results indicate that the T. erecta essential oil has phytotoxic compounds that could be utilized as natural herbicides for future weed control.
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    Phytotoxic effects of essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus and its physiological mechanisms on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)
    (2013-01-01)
    Poonpaiboonpipat, Tanatson
    ;
    Pangnakorn, Udomporn
    ;
    Suvunnamek, Umporn
    ;
    Teerarak, Montinee
    ;
    Charoenying, Patchanee
    Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil was identified by GC-MS for their major compound constituents; six compounds representing 92.59% of the total essential oil were identified. The main constituent was citral (76.00%). In a laboratory bioassay, high concentration of essential oil significantly inhibited germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crus-galli and affecting α-amylase activity of seeds. In a glass house bioassay, essential oil at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10% (v/v) was foliar-applied on E. crus-galli at 28 days after sowing at spray volume of 1000Lha <sup>-1</sup>. Observation of leaf wilt symptoms was noted at 6h after treatment. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content was decreased with concentrations of essential oil, indicating that essential oil interferes with photosynthetic metabolism. C. citratus essential oil caused an electrolyte leakage indicating membrane disruption and loss of integrity. Treated leaves exhibited an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), suggesting lipid peroxidation. It is to conclude that essential oil is phytotoxic and could be utilized as a natural herbicide for future weed control. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.