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Renewable and sustainable green energy generation using Bi-functional TMOs decorated layered carbon nitride anchored on MXene for oxygen evolution reactions and urea oxidation reaction performance
(2025-12-01)
Vasu, Dhanapal
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Vittayakorn, Naratip
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Chang, Shih Hsien
;
Lin, Kai Hsuan
;
Chiu, Te Wei
This article presents a comprehensive evaluation of a novel V<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>–graphitic carbon nitride (gCN)/MXene (Ti<inf>3</inf>C<inf>2</inf>Tx) composite (VGM) electrocatalyst, designed to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and urea oxidation reaction (UOR). The VGM material was synthesized through a combination of hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching and thermal polymerization, offering a new approach for integrating transition metal oxides with 2D materials. Structural and surface analyses confirmed the successful formation of the hybrid catalyst with well-defined morphology and composition. Electrochemical studies revealed an impressively low overpotential of 151 mV and a Tafel slope of 95 mV/dec for OER, indicating excellent catalytic efficiency. The hybrid structure synergistically combines the high redox activity of V<inf>2</inf>O<inf>5</inf>, the large surface area of gCN, and the conductivity of MXene, leading to superior electrochemical performance. Additionally, the catalyst effectively drives the UOR, enabling simultaneous hydrogen generation and urea-rich wastewater remediation. This work introduces a cost-effective and multifunctional electrocatalyst design strategy, offering both energy and environmental benefits.
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Boosting sustainable hydrogen production via water splitting and urea oxidation using spinel hollow-sphere nano catalysts
(2025-10-01)
Lin, Hsin Yu
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Vasu, Dhanapal
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Tsang, Chun Han
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Hsu, Cheng Shan
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Prashanth, Gopi
In this study, spinel MgCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> materials were synthesized using three different techniques: freeze-drying, solid-state, and hydrothermal methods, to evaluate their structural, morphological, and electrocatalytic properties. Comprehensive characterization techniques including XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, FESEM, HRTEM, and XPS confirmed the successful formation of phase-pure MgCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> with varied morphologies. Among the synthesized materials, the freeze-dried sample exhibited a well-defined hollow-sphere structure, providing abundant electroactive sites and superior electron/mass transport pathways. This morphology contributed to outstanding electrocatalytic performance. For the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the hollow-sphere MgCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> catalyst demonstrated a low overpotential of 430 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 190 mV dec−1. In addition, the same catalyst exhibited excellent activity for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR), with a Tafel slope of 95 mV dec−1 and enhanced current density under alkaline conditions. The superior UOR activity, enabled by the lower oxidation potential of urea (∼0.37 V vs. RHE), also highlights its potential for energy-efficient hydrogen production and wastewater treatment. This work establishes a scalable and cost-effective strategy to synthesize high-performance MgCo<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf> hollow-sphere electrocatalysts, paving the way for their application in sustainable energy and environmental technologies.
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Highly Efficient CeO2–CuCrO2 Composite Nanofibers Used for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine in Biomedical Applications
(2023-08-01)
Lei, Heng Jyun
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Su, Homg Ming
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Vasu, Dhanapal
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You, Yu Feng
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Chiu, Te Wei
Dopamine (DA) plays a crucial role in the functioning of the human central nervous system, participating in both physiological and psychological processes. It is an important research topic in biomedical science. However, we need to constantly monitor the concentration of dopamine in the body, and the sensors required for this usually require good sensitivity in order to achieve fast and accurate measurements. In this research project, a CeO<inf>2</inf> and CuCrO<inf>2</inf> composite nanofiber was prepared for the electrochemical detection of dopamine. Coaxial electrospinning techniques were used to prepare CeO<inf>2</inf>–CuCrO<inf>2</inf> composite nanofibers. The characterization techniques of X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to analyze the composite’s crystal structure, vibrational bonds, and elemental composition, while SEM and TEM were used to analyze the composite’s surface structure, morphology, and microstructure. The prepared nanofiber outer layer was found to have an average thickness of 70.96 nm, average fiber diameter of 192.49 nm, and an average grain size of about ~12.5 nm. The BET analysis was applied to obtain the specific surface area (25.03 m2/gm). The proposed nanofiber-decorated disposable screen-printed carbon electrode acted as a better electrochemical sensor for the detection of dopamine. Moreover, the electrocatalyst had a better limit of detection, 36 nM with a linear range of 10 to 100 μM, and its sensitivity was 6.731 μA μM−1 cm−2. In addition, the proposed electrocatalyst was successfully applied to real-time potential applications, namely, to the analysis of human urine samples in order to obtain better recovery results.
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Highly Efficient Electrocatalytic Active Delafossite CuAlO2/Al2O3 Microspheres towards Detection of Furaltadone Antibiotic Drug in Real Samples
(2023-05-01)
Chen, Yen Shuo
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You, Yu Feng
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Vasu, Dhanapal
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Karthikeyan, Arjunan
;
Chiu, Te Wei
In this study, CuAlO<inf>2</inf>/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> (CAOCM) micro-sphere was prepared by sol-gel techniques, which was further annealed under N<inf>2</inf>-atmosphere. The microsphere composite materials physio-chemical properties were studied using various analytical techniques. The surface morphology of prepared materials was observed from the FESEM with spherical structure. The surface area and the surface morphology were explored from BET analysis techniques. In this research, we studied a CAOCM microspheres decorated screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) utilized to detect the furaltadone (FLT). The electrochemical active surface area has been determined using the ferric cyanide system and Randles-Sevick equations. The CuAlO<inf>2</inf>/Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> microspheres electrochemical ability was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) towards the detection of FLT. These CAOCM microspheres decorated electrodes exhibited excellent electrocatalytic ability with a limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity is 20 nM and 12.7845 μA μM−1 cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the CAOCM microspheres/SPCE electrodes exhibit excellent stability, repeatability, reproducibility, and higher sensitivity. The decorated sensor electrode real-time applications were successfully studied to analyze FLT in the river and pond water with excellent recovery results of 97.4 and 98.4%.

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