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Characterization of Bi-doped FAPbI3 perovskite films investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
(2025-12-01)
Wechprasit, Tirapat
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Bootchanont, Atipong
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Infahsaeng, Yingyot
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Wongjom, Poramed
;
Wannapaiboon, Suttipong
A thorough investigation of perovskite structures formed through doping is essential for advancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells. In this study, Bi-doped FAPbI<inf>3</inf> perovskite films with varying Bi concentrations (0.5–2%) were fabricated using a spin-coating technique on ITO glass substrates. Then the films’ phase structure, local structure, and optical characteristics were analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the pristine FAPbI<inf>3</inf> film exhibited both hexagonal and cubic phases, indicating structural instability. In contrast, Bi-doped FAPbI<inf>3</inf> films predominantly displayed a cubic perovskite structure, with a notable reduction in the XRD peak intensity corresponding to the hexagonal phase. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed that the undoped FAPbI<inf>3</inf> film had an absorption edge in the visible-near infrared range, while Bi-doping caused a redshift, indicating a reduction in the optical band gap. The calculated results show that optical band gaps decrease with increasing Bi, from a value of 1.49 (pure) to 1.43 (2% Bi) eV. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis confirmed the oxidation states of Pb2+ and Bi3+ ions across all samples, with Bi ions replacing Pb in the local structure. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed an increased PL intensity with 1% Bi doping (7 105) compared with pristine FAPbI<inf>3</inf> (4.7 105), suggesting a reduction in carrier recombination. These findings demonstrate the potential of Bi-doping to stabilize perovskite structures with improved optoelectronic properties.
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The influence of palladium doping on the structural, morphological, optical and electronic properties of formamidinium lead iodide perovskite films
(2025-12-01)
Wechprasit, Tirapat
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Bootchanont, Atipong
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Infahsaeng, Yingyot
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Wongjom, Poramed
;
Wannapaiboon, Suttipong
In this study, we investigated the effects of palladium (Pd) doping on the properties of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI<inf>3</inf>) perovskite films. Pd was doped at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 % and coated onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates using a spin-coating technique. The crystal structure of the films was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), revealing that Pd-doping reduces the hexagonal phase while increasing the cubic phase in the FAPbI<inf>3</inf> lattice. The optical properties were evaluated using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), showing changes in light absorption and a reduction in the energy gap with Pd incorporation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the morphological properties of the films, indicating significant surface alterations and formation of larger grain sizes due to Pd incorporation. The electronic structure of perovskite films was thoroughly investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These findings demonstrate that Pd-doping significantly affects the structural, optical, and electronic properties of FAPbI<inf>3</inf> perovskite films, with potential implications for enhancing the performance of perovskite-based devices.
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Enhanced photocatalytic ability of CuO/Ni-doped TiO2 nanocomposite under visible light: Theory and experiment
(2025-09-01)
Bootchanont, Atipong
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Samerchue, Sorravich
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Sipae, Chanapong
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Zhao, Huali
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Noonuruk, Russameeruk
CuO/Ni-doped TiO<inf>2</inf> composite photocatalysts were synthesized using a co-precipitation method as the composite of Ni-doped TiO<inf>2</inf> (Ni–TiO<inf>2</inf>) with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol% of CuO. Composites with different CuO/Ni–TiO<inf>2</inf> ratios were studied to assess the influence of Ni and CuO on the crystal and local structure by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption (XAS). The energy bandgap is investigated by UV–visible spectroscopy and is described by computational calculations using density functional theory (DFT). The correlation between the local site of Ni and the band structure will be analyzed and discussed by comparing the experiment and First-principle calculations. The photocatalytic activity of the CuO/Ni–TiO<inf>2</inf> systems is due to the absorption of radiation in the visible light region. The results indicated that 1.5 mol% of CuO contributes to the Ni–TiO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles showing highest photocatalytic activity with rate constant of 0.03477 min−1 in the degradation of Rhodamine B, which could be attributed to the low recombination rate of the electron-hole pair, and decrease of the bandgap, increase in the concentration of •OH radicals in the solution, which is beneficial for improving the photo degradation rate of organic compounds.
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Sonochemical synthesis, characterization, and infrared-driven photocatalytic performance of 2%Er/x%Yb co-doped BiVO4 nanoparticles (x=2–10%)
(2024-11-01)
Kansaard, Thanaphon
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Noinonmueng, Tanisara
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Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
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Boondok, Dungcharoen
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Wechprasit, Tirapat
This study investigates the influence of Yb co-doping on the photocatalytic performance of 2% Er-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles under infrared light for wastewater treatment. Er/Yb co-doping induces a phase transformation from monoclinic to tetragonal BiVO<inf>4</inf>, significantly enhancing infrared light absorption and photocatalytic activity. The optimal Yb concentration for maximizing activity is found to be 2%, achieving a one-order-of-magnitude improvement compared to undoped BiVO<inf>4</inf>. Up-conversion processes involving Yb and Er ions play a crucial role in this enhancement, converting low-energy infrared photons into higher-energy visible emissions that drive photocatalysis. These findings demonstrate a promising strategy for developing highly efficient and sustainable photocatalysts for wastewater treatment utilizing the abundant yet underexplored infrared region of the solar spectrum.
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STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL, AND VISIBLE-LIGHT DRIVEN PHOTACATALYTIC PROPERTIES OF Yb-DOPED BiVO4 NANOPARTICLES PREPARED VIA RAPID SONOCHEMICAL PROCESS
(2023-01-01)
Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
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Noinonmueng, Tanisara
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Kansaard, Thanaphon
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Wechprasit, Tirapat
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Mekprasart, Wanichaya
This work represents the synthesis and structural, morphological, and optical characterization of rare-earth Yb-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> materials with different Ytterbium (Yb3+) contents (0% - 5%). Yb-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> specimens in form of fine nanoparticles were synthesized by a rapid and facile sonochemical process. The structural and morphological characterizations were observed by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Important optical properties of the prepared samples were investigated by the diffuse reflectance technique and the corresponding optical band gaps were calculated by the mean of the Kullbelka-Munk equation. From the characterized results, it is acknowledged that incorporated Yb dopant has a significant effect on the crystalline structure of BiVO<inf>4</inf> by reducing in monoclinic phase in the pristine sample while the increasing Yb doping composition resulted in the mixed phases of monoclinic and tetragonal phases since Yb3+ ions could probably induce the stabilization of the tetragonal phase in BiVO<inf>4</inf> material. Moreover, extensive doping with Yb3+ exhibits considerable influence on not only structural but also optical and relevant visible - driven photocatalytic properties of BiVO<inf>4</inf> by means of the color degradation of RhB dye solution
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Influence of Yb Ion Dopant on Physical, Optical, and Photocatalytic Properties of Er-Doped BiVO4 Synthesized by One-Step Sonochemical Process
(2023-01-01)
Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
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Noinonmueng, Tanisara
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Kansaard, Thanaphon
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Mekprasart, Wanichaya
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Wechprasit, Tirapat
In this work, the influence of Yb-incorporated ion on relevant physical, morphological, optical, and also photocatalytic properties of Er-doped bismuth vanadate powders synthesized by the facile sonochemical method was investigated. The Er3+ doping content was fixed at 1% and Yb3+ ion content was designated at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%. To study the relevant properties of the prepared samples, XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, DRS, and UV-visible spectrometry were employed to characterize their morphology, crystal structure, functional group, energy gap, and photocatalytic degradation, respectively. The experimental results show that Yb ion incorporation has a significant effect on the decrease in its particle size and the change in morphology and the monoclinic-to-tetragonal phase change of the sample. The DRS result exhibits two extinct absorption edges belonging to the monoclinic and tetragonal phases, accompanying the characteristic absorption due to energy transitions of both Er3+ and Yb3+. The incorporation of Yb3+ ion with certain content exhibits noticeable enhancement in the photocatalytic performance of the Er-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> catalyst under the visible light illumination, which may be a result of the significant increase in the active surface area, increasing charge separation of mixed phases and possible up-conversion process.
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Structural and photocatalytic properties and X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of BiVO4 nanoparticles incorporated with Fe synthesized by sonochemical method
(2022-11-01)
Wechprasit, Tirapat
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Bootchanont, Atipong
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Sailuam, Wutthigrai
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Wattanawikkam, Chakkaphan
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Kansaard, Thanaphon
In this work, Fe-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles with different Fe-loading contents (0–4%) were synthesized via one-step sonochemical process. Crystal structure of all samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD). XRD patterns obviously show the main structure of monoclinic BiVO<inf>4</inf> structure. The secondary phase is found in the form of Fe-based oxide as a hematite Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> phase at for Fe-loading contents ≥ 2%. Relevant chemical bonding of as-synthesized samples was carried out by Raman spectroscopy indicating the fundamental vibration with various vibration modes of VO<inf>4</inf>3− tetrahedron and V–O band, respectively. Morphological structure of pure BiVO<inf>4</inf> shows rod-like structure while 1–4%Fe-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> display different morphologies. The chemical compositions and oxidation numbers of all elements of the samples were carried out via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS spectra indicate the existence of all elements on their surface and the oxidation states of all elements are clearly scrutinized. Local structure of all samples was investigated to interrogate the local atomic site of Fe atoms by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The normalized Fe K-edge XANES spectra of all samples indicate that the local atomic site of Fe atoms would not replace in local sites of either Bi or V sites in BiVO<inf>4</inf> crystal verified by simulated XANES spectra. However, the specific features of measured XANES spectra of all samples corresponds to the Fe K-edge XANES spectra of Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> and BiFeO<inf>3</inf> structure suggesting that local structure of all samples are formed to Fe-based oxide between Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> and BiFeO<inf>3</inf> structure. Fitting EXAFS spectra of 1–4%Fe-incorporated were practically conducted by artemis program with Fe<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> and BiFeO<inf>3</inf> used as structural models to identify local atomic environment of Fe atoms. Results show agreeable fitting with their structural models and reveal pertinent information of localization of Fe atoms. Optical properties of the samples were analyzed by UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS). DRS results exhibit the absorption edge in visible range of all samples. Meanwhile, influence of Fe loading contents into pure BiVO<inf>4</inf> displays to confirm the red-shift on the absorption edge in visible range to higher wavelength, which suggests the lower optical band gap of pure BiVO<inf>4</inf>. The optimized photocatalytic degradation of RhB was performed by 4%Fe–BiVO<inf>4</inf> with 82% decolorization under visible-light irradiation within 10 min and exhibited rate constant at 0.150 min−1.
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Surface Modification of Silica Particles Taken from Waste Glass by Surfactant Treatment for Light Scattering Application
(2022-03-01)
Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
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Mekprasart, Wanichaya
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Manivong, Aphisit
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Wechprasit, Tirapat
;
Chongsri, Krisana
This work aims to modify the surface of silicon dioxide particles for high dispersion property in the host matrix. Silicon dioxide powders were obtained from wasted material as broken beaker glass and reduced its particle size by high energy milling process operating at 500 rpm for 30 min. These particles can be proposed as an effective light scatterer and applied in the transparent light planar waveguide for the improvement of light emission performance. However, the main problem of using milled silica powder is the poor dispersion in the polymer matrix. Therefore, the surface modification method is a key role to resolve this obstacle by using polymer surfactant agents as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, and sodium hexametaphosphate. The proper polymer surfactant in the surface modification on silica powders has been revealed. The particle size of each condition was analyzed by a particle analyzer. Modified silica particle size with polymer surfactants trended to decrease lower than 1 µm owing to good dispersion of the particles by polymer chain and interaction between silica and surfactant surface. Chemical functional groups on modified silica powders were investigated by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra shown that main chemical components of all samples were composed of silica and borate chemical bonding. Meanwhile, the O-H stretching vibration appeared in the spectra was a key role for particle size and good dispersion of modified surface silica particles in the solution. Moreover, light scattering property and transmission of modified silica with polymer surfactants in dispersion solution were detected by luminance meter and UV-Vis spectrometer to confirm its possibility for application in light scattering material. The best polymer surface for milled silica surface modification in this work was obtained from polyvinyl alcohol, which proved that the adjustment of surface charge and physical properties on the silica surface.
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Structural and Optical Properties of Mn-Incorporated BiVO4 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sonochemical Process
(2022-01-01)
Wechprasit, Tirapat
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Kansaard, Thanaphon
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Bootchanont, Atipong
;
Pecharapa, Wisanu
In this work, Mn-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles with different Mn contents (0–5%) were synthesized by one-step sonochemical process. Structural phase of Mn-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles was extensively carried out by X-ray diffraction technique. The XRD results show that the structural phase of BiVO<inf>4</inf> belongs to the monoclinic principal structure while the secondary phases of MnO, Mn<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, and Mn<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> structures are noticed in Mn-loaded samples. Chemical bondings of Mn-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles were characterized with Raman spectroscopy. Relevant chemical bondings confirm the existence of VO<inf>4</inf>3− tetrahedron and the V–O band by Raman spectra. Diffuse reflection spectroscopy and FE-SEM were employed to examine their optical and morphological properties, respectively. The results indicate that the incorporation of Mn can induce the red-shift of optical absorption edge in visible range, which can decrease the optical band gap of BiVO<inf>4</inf>. Morphology of all samples demonstrates the difference in shape of the compounds with the incorporation of Mn contents. Oxidation number and local structure of Mn-incorporated BiVO<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. XAS results demonstrate that oxidation number of all elements correspond to Mn2+/Mn3+, Bi3+, and V5+ ions. The normalized Mn K-edge XANES spectra suggest that Mn atoms would not locate at the local site of Bi or V in BiVO<inf>4</inf> crystal because the specific feature of experimental spectra are inconsistent with simulated spectra, which is corresponded to XRD results indicating the formation of Mn-based oxide structures with various oxidation states.
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Effects of Er Dopant on Structural and Optical Properties of BiVO4 Powders Prepared via Sonochemical Process
(2022-01-01)
Noinonmueng, Tanisara
;
Kansaard, Thanophon
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Wechprasit, Tirapat
;
Mekprasart, Wanichaya
;
Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
In this work, we investigate the crucial effect of Er dopant on structural, morphological and optical properties of BiVO<inf>4</inf> prepared by one-step sonochemical process. The Er doping content was varied from 0% to 10%. The structural and morphological characterization were performed by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. XRD and Raman spectra reveal the structural transition from monoclinic to tetragonal structure induced by Er dopant. Optical properties of the prepared samples were investigated by diffuse reflectance technique and the corresponding optical band gaps were calculated indicating two optical band gaps of two major phases of the doped samples. The Er dopant has highly influence on an enhancement in photocatalytic performance under visible irradiation of BiVO<inf>4</inf> as doping content is 8%. This improved performance could be due to the size reduction and morphological change due to phase transformation induced by Er dopant accompanying mixture of optical band gaps that can assist the retardment of electron-hole pair recombination.

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